Abstract
This paper presents some Japanese forms of address. The use of correct forms of address in Japanese requires linguistic as well as social knowledge. Japanese people seem to avoid employing pronouns as address forms, employing other nouns instead. Family terms, place names, occupations, company names, shop names are popularly used as forms of address in everyday life. An important factor in choosing an appropriate form of address is the relationship between interlocutors. Thus, address forms can represent a referent’s position in their society. The grammatical category of person is not exactly the same as its practical use.
References
Brnczerowski, J. 1997. Towards a general theory of the category of person. In: Ramisch, H. and Wynne, K. (eds.) Language in time and space. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag. pp. 441-461.
Hayashi, O. 1973. Katei to Keigo (A System of the honorific language). In: Hayashi, S., and Minami, F. (eds.) Gendai no keigo: Kigo-Wza 6, pp. 153-180. Tokyo: Meijishoin.
Higa, M. 1976. Nihongo to Nihonjin-shakai (The Japanese language and the Japanese society). In: Ono, S., and Shibata, T. (eds.) Iwanami-koza Nihongo 1: Nihongo to kokugogaku. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten. pp. 99-138.
Hudson, R, A. 1980. Sociolinguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kabaya, H., Kawagchi, Y., and Sakamoto, M. 1998. Keigo-hyogen (Expressions of the honorific language). Tokyo: Taishukan Shoten.
Kobayashi, M. 1998. Gakko no kosho: Joseikyoshi no kosho ”kun” o chushin ni. Nihongogaku. Vol. 17. pp. 32-35.
Koutny, I. (manuscript). Pragmatics of formal-informal interaction in Hungarian in a crosscultural approach.
Kunihiro, T. 1977. Nihonjin no gengokodo to higengokodo. (Japanese people’s verbal behaviour and non-verbal behaviour). In: Ono, S., and Shibata, T. (eds.) Iwanami-koza Nihongo 2: Gengoseikatsu. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten. pp. 1-32
Maynard, Sp K. 1997. Japanese communication: Language and thought in context. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
Matsumura, A, Yamaguchi, A, and Wada, T (eds.) 1998. Kokugo-jiten. Tokyo: Obunsha.
Mizutani, O. 1979. Hanashikotoba to Nihonjin: Nihongo no seitai. (Spoken Japanese and the Japanese people: A model of the Japanese language). Tokyo: Sotakusha.
Mizutani, O. and Mizutani, N. 1977. Nihongo notes. (Notes on the Japanese language). Tokyo: The Japan Times.
Mogi, N. 2001. The effects of group consciousness on Japanese language behaviour. Psychology of Language and communication. Vol.5, No. 1. pp. 81-94.
Morita, Y. 1995. Nihongo no shiten. (Perspectives in the Japanese language). Tokyo: Sotakusha.
Morita, Y. 1998. Nihonjin no hasx>, Nihongo no hyogen. (Japanese ways of thinking and the Japanese language expression). Tokyo: Chuokoronsha.
Nomoto, K. 1987. Keigo o tsukaikonasu. (Making a good use of the honorific language). Tokyo: Kodansha.
Ozaki, Y. 1998. Seitotachi wa do yobaretai to omotteiru ka. (How do pupils want to be addressed?) Nihongogaku. Vol. 17. pp. 37-44.
Shibata, T. 1977. Nihonjin no gengo-seikatsu. (Japanese people’s linguistic life). In: S. Ono & T.
Shibata (Eds.) Iwanami-koza Nihongo 2: Gengo-seikatsu Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten. pp. 33-81.
Suzuki, T. 1973. Kotoba to bunka. (Language and culture). Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten.
Takubo, Y. 1997. Shiten to gengokodo. (View points and language behaviour). Tokyo: Kuroshio.
Tanaka, K. 1999. Keigo wa Nihongo o sekai kara tozasu. (The honorific language isolates the Japanese language form the world). Gengo. 28(11). pp. 41-47.
Watanabe, T. 1998. ”Kosho” to iu ronten. (”Forms of address” as the point of the argument.) Nihongogaku. Vol. 17. pp. 4-11.