Keywords
internet survey
consultations
public sphere
activisation
How to Cite
Number of views: 486
Number of downloads: 319
Abstract
The development of information and communication technologies over the last 25 years has changed the context and practice of participation. There emerged the concept of e-participation, meaning the interaction between the sphere of civil society and the formal sphere of politics and administration, through information technology. The paper presents the functions of e-participation, the tools used and the criticism raised at this method of engaging citizens. Further, e-participation practice in Poland is introduced with a detailed case of web surveys in Poznań which are used as a consultation tool. Finally, the conclusions are offered, based on an analysis of the useof web surveys as a tool of e-participation. The surveys carried out in Poznań can be classified as based on non-probabilistic sampling. They rely on the voluntary participation of respondents who come forward. Internet surveys meet the mostly activation. Thus, they empowered marginalized social groups (‘give voice’ to inhabitants) gave greater legitimacy to decisions. To a lesser extent, this tool contributed to improving the quality of decision making and to an improvement in the workings of the administration. The implementation of the latter two functions would require greater attention to the probabilistic characteristic of the sampling.
References
Arnstein, S.R. (1969), A ladder of citizen participation, Journal of the American Institute of Planners 35(4).
Banat M. (2014), Konsultacje społeczne w samorządzie terytorialnym, Samorząd Terytorialny 24(1-2): 13-25.
Batorski, D. (2005), Internet a nierówności społeczne, Studia Socjologiczne 2(177): 107-131.
Borins, S. (2010), Strategic planning form Robert McNamara to Gov 2.0, Public Administration Review 70(1).
Campante, F. et al. (2013), Politics 2.0: The Multifaceted Effect of Broadband Internet on Political Participation (working paper).
Conroy, M., Evans-Cowley, J. (2006), E-participation in planning: an analysis of cities adopting on-line citizen participation tools, Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 24(3): 371-384.
Couper, M.P. (2000), Web surveys: A review of issues and approaches, The Public Opinion Quarterly 64(4): 464-494.
Długosz, D., Wygnański J.J. (2005), Obywatele współdecydują. Przewodnik po partycypacji społecznej, Warszawa.
Dutton, W., Helsper, E. (2007), The Internet in Britain 2007, Oxford.
Eggers, W.D. (2005), Government 2.0: Using Technology to Improve Education, Cut Red Tape, Reduce Gridlock and Enhance Democracy, Plymouth.
Frieske, K., Pawłowska, K. (2011), Obywatelska partycypacja: migotanie idei, [w:] Olech, A. (red.), Partycypacja publiczna: O uczestnictwie obywateli w życiu wspólnoty lokalnej, Warszawa: 61-79.
Friske, K. (2014), Polowanie na jednorożca: demokratyczna administracja publiczna?, Samorząd Terytorialny 24(1-2): 5-12.
Gibson, R., Cantijoch, M. (2013), Conceptualizing and Measuring Participation in the Age of the Internet: Is Online Political Engagement Really Different to Offline?, The Journal of Politics 75.
Kaźmierczak, T. (2011), Partycypacja publiczna: pojęcie, ramy teoretyczne, [w:] Olech, A. (red.), Partycypacja publiczna: O uczestnictwie obywateli w życiu wspólnoty lokalnej, Warszawa: 83-99.
Komito, L. (2005), e-Participation and governance: widening the net, The Electronic Journal of e-Government 3(1): 39-48.
Kraemer, K., King, K. (2005), Information technology and administrative reform: will e-government be different?, The International Journal of Electronic Government Research 2(1): 1-20.
Matczak, P. (2011), Formy partycypacji w procesie politycznym w zakresie ochrony środowiska, [w:] Olech, A. (red.), Partycypacja publiczna: O uczestnictwie obywateli w życiu wspólnoty lokalnej, Warszawa: 130-155.
Meijer, A.J. et al. (2012), Government 2.0: key challenges to its realization, Electronic Journal of e-Government 10(1): 59-69.
Oser, J. et al. (2013), Is online participation distinct from offline participation? A latent class analysis of participation types and their stratification, Political Research Quarterly 66.
Palat, R.K., Pratchett, L. (2009), E-citizenship: reconstructing the public online, [w:] Durose, C., Greasley, S., Richardson, L. (eds.), Changing Local Governance, Changing Citizens, Bristol: 193-209.
Peisert, A., Stachura, K. (2011), Partycypacja jako wynik rozwoju technik komunikowania i zmian charakteru sfery publicznej, [w:] Olech, A. (red.), Partycypacja publiczna: O uczestnictwie obywateli w życiu wspólnoty lokalnej, Warszawa: 45-60.
Pratchett, L., Wingfield, M. (2004), Piloting e-voting: lessens and limitations from the UK experience, [w:] Kersting, N., Boldersheim, H. (eds.), Electronic Voting and Democracy: A Comparative Analysis, Basingstoke: 172-192.
Pratchetti, L., Leach, S. (2005), A New vision for local government: rhetoric or reality, Parliamentary Affairs (2): 318-334.
Rucker, D.G. (2014), Online Public Participation Platforms and Applications (Overview) 2014.
Sanford, C. (2007), Characterizing e-participation, International Journal of Information Management: 406-421.
Tapscott, D. et al. (2008), Government 2.0: Transforming Government and Governance for the Twenty-First Century, New Paradigm: 1-25.
Zarycki, T. (2002), Społeczne konsekwencje rozwoju Internetu – rewolucja czy reprodukcja struktur społecznych?, [w:] Batorski, D., Marody, M., Nowak, A. (red.), Społeczna przestrzeń Internetu, Warszawa: 337-346.
Zissis, D. et al. (2009), Competent electronic participation channels in electronic democracy, Electronic Journal of e-Government 7(2): 195-208.
Strony internetowe:
www.mamzdanie.org.pl [20-06-2014]
www.konsultacje.soclab.org.pl [20-06-2014]
http://pzo.gdos.gov.pl [20-06-2014]
License
Copyright (c) 2015 WPiA UAM
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.