Abstrakt
The aim of the article is to define the concept of mobility segregation during lifetime and to distinguish mobility segregation scope among two Warsaw (Poland) inhabitants characterised by lower social profile, who lived in homogeneous social environment. Mobility has become a new dimension of social inequality that should be taken into account in research on social segregation in increasingly polarised cities. It can be studied by qualitative methods that can contribute to quantitative-dominant research on segregation. In this paper, mobility segregation aspects are analysed through biographic interviews, using reconstructive-interpretative approach. It gives a novel method to study segregation during lifetime in a holistic approach and to give evidence of experienced segregation of individual inhabitants. The study revealed that mobility segregation may change throughout the lifetime. There were indicated “windows of change” when forms and ranges of mobility change resulting in the change of places regularly visited and social profile of people met there. However these relations are complex.
Bibliografia
Atkinson R., Flint J. 2004. Fortress UK? Gated communities. The spatial revolt of the elites and time-space trajectories of segregation. Housing studies, 19, 6: 875-892. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0267303042000293982
Dannemann T., Sotomayor-Gomez B., Samaniego H. 2018. The time geography of segregation during working hours. Royal Society Open Science, 5(10): 180-749. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.180749
Giroud M. 2016. Résider dans le même quartier, occuper la même ville ? Systèmes de lieux et pratiques urbaines des habitants d’Alcântra à Lisbonne. Méditerranée, 127: 69-79. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/mediterranee.8439
Golledge R.G., Stimson R.J. 1997. Spatial behaviour. Geographic perspective. Guilford Press.
Górczyńska M. 2014. Zmiany zróżnicowań społecznych i przestrzennych w wybranych dzielnicach Warszawy i aglomeracji paryskiej: Dynamika i aktorzy (Changes in social and spatial disparities in selected districts in Warsaw and Paris agglomeration. Dynamics and actors). IGiPZ PAN, Warszawa.
Grzegorczyk A. 2023. Segregacja mobilności w ujęciu biograficznym (Mobility segregation in a biographical perspective). Czasopismo Geograficzne, 94(2): 307-325. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12657/czageo-94-13
Grzegorczyk A., Jaczewska B., Jankel S., van Gielle Ruppe P., Gaboreau M. 2019. Polityka mieszkaniowa a segregacja społeczna. Przykład Warszawy, Berlina i Paryża (Housing policy and social segregation. Example of Warsaw, Berlin and Paris). WUW, Warszawa. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323538547
Grzegorczyk A., Jaczewska B. 2018. Residential segregation in Warsaw and its Metropolitan Area in the context of changing housing policy. European Spatial Research and Policy, 25, 1: 131-155. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18778/1231-1952.25.1.08
Hägerstrand T. 1970. What about people in regional science? Papers in Regional Science, 24: 6-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01936872
Hall M., Iceland J., Yi Y. 2019. Racial Separation at Home and Work: Segregation in Residential and Workplace Settings. Population Research and Policy Review, 38: 671-694. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-019-09510-9
Hannam K., Sheller M., Urry J. 2006. Editorial: Mobilities, Immobilities and Moorings. Mobilities, 1(1): 1-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17450100500489189
Jaczewska B., Grzegorczyk A. 2017. Residential Segregation at the Local Level in Poland. Case Studies for Praga Północ, Włochy and Ursynów. Miscellanea Geographica-Regional Studies on Development, 21, 4: 1-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/mgrsd-2017-0032
Kaczmarek J. 2005. Podejście geobiograficzne w geografii społecznej. Zarys teorii i podstawy metodyczne (Geobiographical approach in social geography. An outline of the theory and methodological foundations). Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź.
Lazendorf M. 2003. Mobility biographies. A new perspective for understanding travel behaviour, Conference paper: Moving through nets: The physical and social dimensions of travel. 10th International Conference on Travel Behaviour research. Lucerne. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2208/jscej.2003.744_163
Lee J.Y., Kwan M.-P. 2011. Visualisation of socio-spatial isolation based on human activity patterns and social networks in space-time. Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 102, 4: 468-485. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9663.2010.00649.x
Le Roux G., Vallee J., Commenges H. 2017. Social segregation around the clock in the Paris region (France). Journal of Transport Geography, 59: 134-145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2017.02.003
Maloutas T., Fujita K. (ed.). 2012. Residential Segregation in Comparative Perspective. Making Sense of Contextual Diversity. Ashgate. England.
Marcińczak Sz., Tammaru T., Novák J., Gentile M., Kovács Z., Temelová J., Valatka V., Kährik A., Szabó B. 2015. Patterns of Socioeconomic Segregation in the Capital Cities of Fast-Track Reforming Postsocialist Countries. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 105 (1): 183-202. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2014.968977
Marcińczak S., Musterd S., Stępniak M. 2011. Where the grass is greener: social segregation in three major Polish cities at the beginning of the 21st century. European Urban and Regional Studies, 19, 4: 383-403. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0969776411428496
Massey D., Denton N. 1988. The Dimensions of Residential Segregation. Social Forces, 67, 2: 281-315. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/67.2.281
McQuoid J., Dijst M. 2012. Bringing emotions to time geography: the case of mobilities of poverty. Journal of Transport Geography, 23: 26-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2012.03.019
Miles M.B., Huberman A.M. 2000. Analiza danych jakościowych (Qualitative data analysis). TransHumana, Białystok.
Müggenburg H., Busch Geertsema A., Lanzendorf M. 2015. Mobility biographies: a review of achievements and challenges of the mobility biographies approach and a framework for further research. Journal of Transport Geography, 46: 151-163. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2015.06.004
Musterd S., Marcińczak Sz., van Ham M., Tammaru T. 2017. Socioeconomic segregation in European capital cities. Increasing separation between poor and rich. Urban Geography, 38,7: 1062-1083. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2016.1228371
Palmer J.R.B. 2013. Activity-Space Segregation: Understanding Social Divisions in Space and Time. PhD Thesis. Princeton University.
Rau H., Sattlegger L. 2018. Shared journeys, linked lives: a relational-biographical approach to mobility practices. Mobilities, 13, 1: 45-63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17450101.2017.1300453
Sarraiva M., Barros J. 2018. Dynamic segregation in London. Conference Paper: GISRUK 2018 – 26th GIScience Research UK Conference at Leicester. UK.
Sattlegger L., Rau H. 2016. Carelessness in a car-centric world: A reconstructive approach to qualitative mobility biographies research. Journal of Transport Geography, 53: 22-31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2016.04.003
Sheller M. 2018. Theorising mobility justice. Tempo Social, 30(2):17-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11606/0103-2070.ts.2018.142763
Sheller M., Urry J. 2006. The new mobilities paradigm. Environment and Planning, A, 38: 207-226. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/a37268
Smętkowski M. 2009. Zróżnicowanie społeczno-przestrzenne Warszawy – inercja czy metamorfoza struktury miasta? Przegląd Geograficzny, 81, 4: 461-481. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2009.1.2
Tammaru T., Musterd S., van Ham M., Marcińczak S. 2016. A multi-factor approach to understanding socio-economic segregation in European capital cities. [In:] T. Tammaru, S. Marcińczak, M. van Ham, S. Musterd (eds.), Socio-economic segregation in European Capital Cities: East meets West. Routledge, London. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2713024
The Global Social Mobility Report 2020. 2020. World Economic Forum, p. 5-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-4765(20)30026-6
Toomet O., Silm S., Saluveer E., Tammaru T., Ahas R. 2012. Copresence at places of residence, work and free-time (http://www.obs.ee/~siim/Segregation_domains.pdf).
Urry J. 2002. Mobility and proximity. Sociology. Sage Publications, 36(2): 255-274. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038502036002002
Warzywoda-Kruszyńska W. 2011. Badania nad ekologią i dziedziczeniem biedy w wielkim mieście (Research on ecology and the inheritance of poverty in the big city). Wydawnictwo IFiS PAN. Warszawa.
Wong D.W.S., Shaw S.-L. 2011. Measuring segregation: an activity space approach. Journal of Geographical Systems, 13(2): 127-145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10109-010-0112-x
Licencja
Prawa autorskie (c) 2024 Anna Grzegorczyk
Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa 4.0 Międzynarodowe.