Keys to success in bikesharing: Insights from the Mevo 2.0 System in the OMGGS Metropolis, Poland
Journal cover , volume 19, no. 79, year 2026, title Regional Development and Regional Policy
PDF (Język Polski)

Keywords

active mobility
bikesharing
urban mobility
transport policy
benchmarking

How to Cite

Chmiel, B., Wierzbowski, P., & Dominikowski, K. (2026). Keys to success in bikesharing: Insights from the Mevo 2.0 System in the OMGGS Metropolis, Poland. Rozwój Regionalny I Polityka Regionalna, 19(79), 91–107. https://doi.org/10.14746/rrpr.2026.79.06

Abstract

This paper examines the key success factors and major barriers to the development of bike-sharing systems (BSSs) in cities of varying sizes. Using the Mevo 2.0 system in the Gdańsk–Gdynia–Sopot metropolitan area as a case study and benchmarking it against 63 Polish BSSs, the analysis reveals that large cities face challenges related to financial constraints and spatial planning, while medium-sized cities demonstrate better BSS performance. An excessive number of BSSs can lead to communication issues and oversupply. Therefore, city authorities should prioritize public participation, infrastructure investments, and spatial planning to enhance BSS efficiency.

https://doi.org/10.14746/rrpr.2026.79.06
PDF (Język Polski)

References

Becker S., von Schneidemesser D., Caseiro A., Götting K., Schmitz S., von Schneidemesser E. 2022. Pop-up cycling infrastructure as a niche innovation for sustainable transportation in European cities: An inter- and transdisciplinary case study of Berlin. Sustainable Cities and Society, 87. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.104168

Bieliński, T., Kwapisz, A., Wazna A. 2019. Bike-sharing systems in Poland. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(9). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11092458

Central Statistical Office (https://stat.gov.pl/).

Cheng X., Huang K., Qu L., Zhang T., Li L. 2020. Effects of Vehicle Restriction Policies on Urban Travel Demand Change from a Built Environment Perspective. Journal of Advanced Transportation. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9848095

DeMaio P. 2009. Bike-sharing: History, Impacts, Models of Provision, and Future. Journal of Public Transportation, 12(4): 41-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.12.4.3

den Hoed W., Jarvis H. 2022. Normalising cycling mobilities: an age-friendly approach to cycling in the Netherlands. Applied Mobilities, 7(3): 298-318. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23800127.2021.1872206

Dziennik Bałtycki. 2019. Wystartował system MEVO, czyli pomorski rower metropolitalny. Jak korzystać z systemu? (https://dziennikbaltycki.pl/wystartowal-system-mevo-czyli-pomorski-rower-metropolitalny-jak-korzystac-z-systemu/ar/13994539; access: 2.09.2024).

Dzięcielski M., Dobruszkes F., Nikitas A., Radzimski A. 2025. Assessing the impacts of free-floating shared micromobility services on docked bike-sharing: Insights from the case studies of Poznan and Brussels. Journal of Transport Geography, 128, 104306. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2025.104306

Eren E., Uz V.E. 2020. A review on bike-sharing: The factors affecting bike-sharing demand. Sustainable Cities and Society, 54, 101882. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2019.101882

Fishman E., Washington S., Haworth N. 2013. Bike Share: A Synthesis of the Literature. Transport Reviews, 33, 2: 148-165. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2013.775612

Išoraite M. 2004. Benchmarking methodology in a transport sector. Transport, 19(6): 269-275. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2004.9637986

Jarosz A.J., Springer B. 2023. Carrots Without Sticks: Cycling Policy of Mediumsized Polish Cities. Polish Political Science Review, 11(1): 46-68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ppsr-2023-0004

Koglin T., Mukhtar-Landgren D. 2021. Contested values in bike-sharing mobilities – A case study from Sweden. Journal of Transport Geography, 92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.103026

Kwiatkowski M.A., Szymańska D. 2021. Cycling policy in strategic documents of Polish cities. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(7): 10357-10377. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-01060-x

Local Bank Data (https://bdl.stat.gov.pl/bdl/dane/podgrup/temat).

Niedzielski P., Tundys B. 2012. Benchmarking jako kreator innowacyjności w logistyce miejskiej. Logistyka, 3: 1657-1669.

Nikitas A. 2019. How to save bike-sharing: An evidence-based survival toolkit for policy-makers and mobility providers. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(11). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11113206

Nikolaeva A., Nello-Deakin S. 2020. Exploring velotopian urban imaginaries: where Le Corbusier meets Constant? Mobilities, 15(3): 309-324. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17450101.2019.1694300

OMGGS (https://www.metropoliagdansk.pl/).

Otsuka N., Delmastro T., Wittowsky D., Pensa S., Damerau M. 2019. Assessing the accessibility of urban nodes: the case of TEN-T railway stations in Europe. Applied Mobilities, 4(2): 219-243. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23800127.2019.1573778

Oviedo D., Sabogal-Cardona O. 2022. Arguments for cycling as a mechanism for sustainable modal shifts in Bogotá. Journal of Transport Geography, 99. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2022.103291

PBSC Urban Solution, The Meddin Bike-sharing World Map Report 2022 edition (https://bikesharingworldmap.com/reports/bswm_mid2022report.pdf; access: 20.08.2024).

Pilko H. 2015. Traffic Planning Preliminary Communication. Promet-Traffic & Transportation, 27, 5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v27i5.1694

Pronello C., Baratti L., Anbarasan D. 2024. Benchmarking the Functional, Technical, and Business Characteristics of Automated Passenger Counting Products. Smart Cities, 7: 302-324. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities7010013

Rower Mevo (https://rowermevo.pl/warunki-zakupu; access: 2.09.2024).

Schering J., Gómez J.M. 2022. The BITS Project – Making cycling data available and comparable on a European scale. Transportation Research Procedia, 60: 424-431. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2021.12.055

Strömberg H., Wallgren P. 2022. Finding that elusive bell and other issues – experiences from starting to cycle during a pandemic. Cities, 122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2022.103574

Suchanek M., Jagiełło A., Suchanek J. 2021. Substitutability and complementarity of municipal electric bike sharing systems against other forms of urban transport. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 11(15). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app11156702

SUMP Repository, Ministry of Infrastructure (https://www.gov.pl/web/infrastruktura/repozytorium-sump; access: 2.09.2024).

van Waes A., Farla J., Raven R. 2020. Why do companies’ institutional strategies differ across cities? A cross-case analysis of bike sharing in Shanghai & Amsterdam. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 36: 151-163. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2020.06.002

Zheng L., Li Y. 2020. The Development, Characteristics and Impact of Bike-Sharing Systems: A Literature Review. International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development, 8(2): 37-52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14246/irspsd.8.2_37