Słowa kluczowe
comedies
costumes
humour
grotesque features
Jak cytować
Liczba wyświetleń: 224
Liczba pobrań: 117
Abstrakt
The article aims to discuss these elements of costumes which are mentioned in the comedies of Plautus but have been omitted yet in the studies on Plautine stage conventions. The first part of the text concerns the costumes which are worn by actors representing characters that have some special physical features. It appears that drunk characters always wear garlands, which point to their state. Big-bellied costumes are worn by male actors who play pregnant women (Alcmene in Amphitruo) but by those who present pimps during the performance, as well. Moreover, many Plautine slaves are rendered as stout, which, combined with big feet, adds much humour to running-slave scenes. The source of laughter lies not only in the padding used to recreate a big belly but also to show the illusion of large breasts, which are exaggerated in size. Such costumes were worn by male actors who presented meretrices, tibicinae and nutrices on stage. The costumes of foreigners consisted of a tunic with long sleeves, earrings, a headdress called causea, tiara and some kind of sandals. Many of these elements were grotesque, which, on the one hand, helped to increase the visibility of the costumes in the theatre, and on the other, contributed to the comicality of the performance. The article presents passages from the Plautine plays which contain such metatheatrical remarks about costumes used in the 3rd and 2nd century BC.
Bibliografia
Barsby 1999: Terence. Eunuchus, ed. J. Barsby, Cambridge 1999. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139163798
Christenson 2000: Plautus Amphitruo, ed. D. Christenson, Cambridge 2000.
Christenson 2020: Plautus. Pseudolus, ed. D. Christenson, Cambridge 2020.
de Melo 2011, 2012, 2013: Plautus Comedies, trans. W. de Melo, vol. I–V, London 2011, 2012, 2013.
Duckworth 1979: T. Macci Plauti Epidicus, ed. G. E. Duckworth, New York 1979.
Enk 1953: Plauti Truculentus, ed. P. J. Enk, Lugduni Batavorum 1953.
Hammond, Mack, Moskalew 1968: T. Macci Plauti Miles gloriosus, ed. M. Hammond, A. M. Mack, W. Moskalew, Cambridge 1968.
Klein 2022: Plautus: Menaechmi, ed. V. S. Klein, London 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350092761
Lindsay 1910: Plauti T. M. Comoediae, ed. W. M. Lindsay, vol. I–II, Oxonii 1910.
Maclennan Stockert 2016: Plautus. Aulularia, eds. K. Maclennan, W. Stockert, Liverpool 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv160bt7j
Maurach 1975: Plauti Poenulus, ed. G. Maurach, Heidelberg 1975.
Moodie 2015: Plautus’ Poenulus. A Student Commentary, ed. E. K. Moodie, Ann Arbor 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.8225179
Sedgwick 2003: Plautus: Amphitruo, ed. W. B. Sedgwick, Manchester 2003.
Spaltenstein 2008: Commentaire des fragments dramatiques de Livius Andronicus, ed. F. Spaltenstein, Bruxelles 2008.
Thornton 1767: The Comedies of Plautus, vol. 4, ed. B. Thornton, London 1767.
Wagner 1884: T. Macci Plauti Trinummus, ed. W. Wagner, London 1884.
Warmington 1936: Remains of Old Latin II. Livius Andronicus, Naevius, Pacuvius and Accius, ed. E. H. Warmington, Cambridge 1936.
Wright 1993: Plautus’ Curculio, ed. J. Wright, Norman and London 1993.
Anderson 1983: W. S. Anderson, Chalinus armiger in Plautus’ Casina, “Illinois Classical Studies” VIII (1983), fasc. 1, 11–21.
Barrios-Lech 2020: P. Barrios-Lech, The Language of Plautus, [in:] A Companion to Plautus, eds. G. Franko, D. Dutsch, Malden 2020, 221–235. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118958018.ch15
Beare 1964: W. Beare, The Roman Stage: A Short History of Latin Drama in the Time of the Republic, London 1964.
Bieber 1961: M. Bieber, The History of the Greek and Roman Theater, Princeton 1961. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/292377
Burton 2020: P. J. Burton, Warfare and Imperialism in and Around Plautus, [in:] A Companion to Plautus, eds. G. Franko, D. Dutsch, Malden 2020, 301–315. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118958018.ch20
Buzássyová 2023: L. Buzássyová, Comical Features in Plautus’ Identity Constructions, "Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae" XXXIII (2023), z. 2, 27-42.
Chantraine 1999: P. Chantraine, Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue greque. Histoire des mots, Paris 1999.
Christenson 2001: D. Christenson, Grotesque Realism in Plautus’ “Amphitruo”, “Classical Journal” 96 (2001), fasc. 3, 243–260.
Conrad 1930: F. Conrad, Die Deminutiva im Altlatein, I, “Glotta”, 19, 127–148.
Conrad 1931: F. Conrad, Die Deminutiva im Altlatein, II, “Glotta”, 20, 74–84.
Duckworth 1994: G. E. Duckworth, Nature of Roman Comedy. Study in Popular Entertainment, Norman 1994.
Dumont 2003: J. C. Dumont, Banquet comique, banquet de comédiens chez Plaute, “Pallas” 61 (2003), 237–244.
Dutsch 2004: D. Dutsch, Female Furniture: A Reading of Plautus’ “Poenulus” 1141–6, “Classical Quarterly” 54 (2004), fasc. 2, 625–629. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cq/54.2.625-a
Dutsch 2015: D. Dutsch, Feats of Flesh, The Female Body on the Plautine Stage, [in:] Women in Roman Republican Drama, eds. D. Dutsch, S. L. James, D. Konstan, Madison 2015, 17–36.
Ferri 2020: R. Ferri, The Textual Tradition of Plautus, [in:] A Companion to Plautus, eds. G. Franko, D. Dutsch, Malden 2020, 408–418. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118958018.ch27
Fontaine 2018: M. Fontaine, A Cute Illness in Epidaurus: Eight sick jokes in Plautus’ Gorgylio (Curculio), [in:] Quasi Labor Intus: Ambiguity in Latin Literature. Papers in honor of Reginald Thomas Foster, OCD, eds. M. Fontaine, C. J. McNamara, W. M. Short, Gowanus 2018, 27–53.
Franko 1996: G. F. Franko, The Characterization of Hanno in Plautus’ Poenulus, “American Journal of Philology” 117 (1996), fasc. 3, 425–452. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/ajp.1996.0041
Fränkel 2007: E. Fränkel, Plautinisches im Plautus, Berlin 1922 [= Elementi Plautini in Plauto (trans. F. Munari), Firenze 1960 = Plautine Elements in Plautus (trans. T. Drevikovsky, and F. Mücke), Oxford 2007].
Gellar-Goad 2021: T. H. M. Gellar-Goad, Plautus: Curculio, London 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350079779
Gerber 1978: D. E. Gerber, The Female Breast in Greek Erotic Literature, “Arethusa” 11 (1978), fasc. 1/2, 203–212.
Glare 1996: P. G. W. Glare ed., The Oxford Latin Dictionary, Oxford 1996 = OLD.
Gratwick 1972: A. S. Gratwick, Plautus Poenulus 967–981: Some notes, “Glotta” 50 (1972), 228–233.
Hardy 2005: C. S. Hardy, The Parasite’s Daughter: Metatheatrical Costuming in Plautus’ “Persa”, “Classical World” 99 (2005), fasc. 1, 25–33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/clw.2006.0011
Hersch 2014: K. K. Hersch, Introduction to the Roman Wedding: Two Case Studies, “Classical Journal” 109 (2014), fasc. 2, 223–232. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/tcj.2013.0004
Knapp 1907: C. Knapp, Travel in Ancient Times as Seen in Plautus and Terence. II, “Classical Philology” 2 (1907), fasc. 3, 281–304. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/359050
Kocur 2005: M. Kocur, We władzy teatru. Aktorzy i widzowie w antycznym Rzymie, Wrocław 2005.
Krahmalkov 2000: C. R. Krahmalkov, Phoenician – Punic Dictionary, Leuven 2000.
Lashbrook 1965: A. M. Lashbrook, Costumes for Plautus, “Classical Journal” 60 (1965), fasc. 5, 204–211.
Liddell, Scott, Jones 1996: H. G. Liddell, R. Scott, H. S. Jones eds., Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford9 1996 = LSJ.
Manuwald 2011: G. Manuwald, Roman Republican Theatre, Cambridge 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511920868
Marshall 2006: C. W. Marshall, The Stagecraft and Performance of Roman Comedy, Cambridge 2006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511486203
Matusiak 2018: P. Matusiak, Jak postępować z Innym: plautyński poradnik na wypadek spotkania Obcego, [in]: Wzory kultury antycznej: reguły zachowania starożytnych Greków i Rzymian, eds. J. Doroszewska, M. Job, T. Sapota, Katowice 2018, 29–48.
Maurice 2007: L. Maurice, Structure and Stagecraft in Plautus’ “Miles Gloriosus”, “Mnemosyne” 60 (2007), fasc. 3, 407–426. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/156852507X215445
Moore 1991: T. Moore, Palliata Togata: Plautus, Curculio 462–86, “American Journal of Philology” 112 (1991), fasc. 3, 343–362. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/294736
Muecke 1986: F. Muecke, Plautus and the Theater of Disguise, “Classical Antiquity” 5 (1986), fasc. 2, 216–229. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/25010849
Papaioannou 2014: S. Papaioannou, Partying and Acting: Performance Setting-in-Performance in Plautus, “Bacchides” 109–169, “Latomus” 73 (2014), fasc. 1, 45–59.
Philippides 2018: K. Philippides, Sickness and Cure in Plautus’ Curculio: Revisiting the Role of the Cook, “Mnemosyne” 71 (2018), fasc. 2, 281–297. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/1568525X-12342327
Philips 1984–85: J. E. Philips, Alcumena in the “Amphitruo” of Plautus: A Pregnant Lady Joke, “Classical Journal” 80 (1984–85), fasc. 2, 121–126.
Pieczonka 2019: J. Pieczonka, Stock Characters from Atellana in Plautus’ Palliata – The Connections between Dossennus-Manducus and the Plautine Parasites Reconsidered, “Graeco-Latina Brunensia” 24 (2019), fasc. 2, 193–210. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5817/GLB2019-2-13
Pieczonka 2020: J. Pieczonka, Comoedia palliata on Usury – A Few Remarks on Legal Terminology in Plautus and Terence, “Eirene. Studia Graeca et Latina” LVI, I-II, 2020, 127–152.
Richlin 2005: A. Richlin, Rome and the Mysterious Orient. Three plays by Plautus, Berkeley 2005.
Rosenstrauch 1967: H. Rosenstrauch, Studia nad językiem Menandra, Wrocław 1967.
Rosół 2010: R. Rosół, Lingua Punica – lingua comica. Głos w sprawie języka punickiego w Punijczyku Plauta, “Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae” XX (2010), z. 1, 55–68.
Saatsoglou-Paliadeli 1993: C. Saatsoglou-Paliadeli, Aspects of Ancient Macedonian Costume, “The Journal of Hellenic Studies” 113 (1993), 122–147. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/632401
Saunders 1909: C. Saunders, Costume in Roman Comedy, New York 1909.
Sebesta, Bonfante 2001: J. L. Sebesta, L. Bonfante, The World of Roman Costume, Madison 2001.
Skwara 2001: E. Skwara, Historia komedii rzymskiej, Warszawa 2001.
Skwara 2014: E. Skwara, Hannibal ante oculos! A Comic Image of an Enemy, [in:] Attitudes towards the past in Antiquity. Creating Identities. Proceedings of an International Conference held at Stockholm University, 15–17 May 2009 (Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis.
Stockholm Studies in Classical Archaeology 14, eds. B. Alroth and C. Scheffer, Stockholm 2014, 267–271.
Slater 2000: N. W. Slater, Plautus in Performance. The Theatre of Mind, Amsterdam 2000.
Webster 1970: T. B. L. Webster, Studies in Later Greek Comedy, Manchester 1970.
Wiles 1991: D. Wiles, Masks of Menander, Cambridge 1991.
Wilcox 2008: R. T. Wilcox, The Mode in Footwear: A Historical Survey with 53 Plates, New York 2008.
Wilner 1931: O. Wilner, Roman Beauty Culture, “Classical Journal” 27 (1931), fasc. 1, 26–38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/361369
Wojtalik 2018: K. Wojtalik, Wystawianie sztuk Plautusa i Terentiusa, Warszawa 2018.
Licencja
Prawa autorskie (c) 2023 Joanna Pieczonka
Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa 4.0 Międzynarodowe.