Changes in the musical culture of West Sumatra on the example of the use of flute saluangdarek

Abstract

Saluangdarek is recognized as one of the oldest and indigenous instruments used in music by the Minangkabau people. Its name comes from the region Darek also called Luhak Nan Tigo and forming the heartland of Minangkabau culture. Saluangdarek is an instrument of simple construction - a bamboo tube open at both ends, having four finger holes. This construction, however, requires the use of specific and difficult playing technique. The sound of this flute is very distinctive and is today one of the elements used to build a sense of ethnic identity among the Minankgabau people. Saluang traditionally was used as an instrument accompanying the doleful, nostalgic songs as well as a medium to contact the spirits. In the 70s the new music genre called saluang dangdut was developed, where joyful melodies are played on the flute, accompanied by drums and singing. This genre has evolved into a very popular nowadays Pop Minang. The article presents the contemporary use of saluangdarekflute and the influence of foreign cultures and the mass media on the music in Minangkabau region.