Keywords
internationalization
global science
local science
Polish scientists
Polish academic profession
How to Cite
Abstract
The paper contrasts „internationalists” and „locals” (i.e. researchers who are international and local in their research): the former are researchers involved in international research cooperation and the latter are not. As a clearly defined group of Polish scientists (51.4%), internationalists are a separate type. Dehermetisation of the Polish science system puts locals in a radically more difficult situation. The processes we call „internationalization cumulative advantage” and „internationalization cumulative disadvantage” occur simultaneously, dividing the scientific community in terms of prestige, recognition and access to competitive research funding. Internationalisation in research is a powerful stratifying force, not only for institutions (causing their vertical diversification) but also for their departments (leading to horizontal segmentation). Highly internationalised institutions, departments, research groups and individual researchers are therefore emerging. Nine working hypotheses have been tested concerning gender, age and academic position, national cooperation, research productivity, distribution of working time, orientation towards academic roles, predictors of being internationalist and type of research productivity. Internationalists are mainly men and older scientists with longer academic experience and higher degrees. In all clusters of academic disciplines, internationalists generate more than 90% of publications produced as part of international cooperation: the lack of international cooperation in practice means the lack of internationally co-authored publications. Internationalists are much more productive when it comes to international co-authored publications: they represent 2320% of local productivity for peer-reviewed articles and 1600% for their equivalents. Internationalists spend less time on teaching, more on research and more on administrative duties. In Poland, the majority of female researchers are local (55%) and the majority of men are internationalists (56%). Therefore, the advancement of women on the academic ladder based
on purely scientific achievements is likely to be longer over time, and access to increasingly competitive individual funds for research is increasingly difficult. Our multidimensional analyses (logistical regression) have identified new predictors of engagement in international research collaboration. The results of our analyses based on an extensive survey (N = 3,704 returned questionnaires) lead to conclusions about academic careers, productivity patterns and internationalisation of research.
Funding
Wydanie tego tomu nie byłoby możliwe bez wsparcia otrzymanego w ramach projektu MNISW Dialog (0022/DLG/2019/10), za co redaktor wyraża podziękowanie.
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