O parabazie u jej antycznych źródeł

Abstrakt

Modern reflection on a literary work uses the term "parabasis", which has been borrowed from ancient tradition. In the article the author goes back to the very sources of parabasis and reminds the meaning of the word parabasis which in Greek means departure from something, leaving the stage and the chorus remains to address the audience directly and in reference to Old Attic comedy, with which it is unequivocally associated, it means the structural part of a literary work in which a suspense of dramatic action occurs. Particular parabases were discussed which are found in the extant comedies of Aristophanes, this in order to find out that in none of the comedies it occurs in its complete model form as accepted by classical philologists on the basis of material known from Aristophanes and from fragments of comedies by other authors. The practical function of parabasis and its particular parts were shown on the example of The Knights by Aristophanes. In the final part of the article the author presented some contemporary views on parabasis of which some speak traditionally about breaking the scenic illusion while the others about the integral relation of parabasis with the other parts of the comedy. The author concludes that in spite of all parabases in Greek comedy have no parallel either in the earlier or in the later Greek literature. It has its own poetics, its own structure, and explicitly breaks science illusion, even if Greeks differently viewed the very phenomenon of breaking illusion in drama.