Keywords
Arab society in Israel
students with disabilities
inclusive education
special education
teacher’s attitudes
students with disabilities
inclusive education
special education
teacher’s attitudes
How to Cite
Majadley, E. (2021). Inclusion of Children with Disabilities from the Palestinian-Arab Community in the Israeli Education System. Yearbook of Pedagogy, 43, 197–210. https://doi.org/10.2478/rp-2020-0012
Abstract
The concept of inclusion is implemented in Israeli educational system with introduction of 1988 Special Education Law (SEL). The political, socio-cultural and economical changes improved the general status of people with disabilities in the Arab and Jewish communities. However, the Jewish education system, and the Arab education system in general differ, that applies also to the issue of special needs education. Students with disabilities representing minority groups suffer from addi- tional barriers.
The main aim of the article is to discuss the issue of integrating students with disabilities into general education in Arab schools in Israel. The situation of children with special educational needs (mainly with intellectual disabilities) in educational system in Israel is discussed, with focus on children from Palestinian-Arab community. The Arab teachers attitudes and behaviors toward the inclusion and disability are analyzed. Although, the research within the topic is limited, the available results indicate rather negative attitudes of Arab teachers towards disabilities. This state might be partly embedded within the socio-cultural context. The further research within the topic is necessary.
References
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Lifshitz H., Glaubman R., Issawi R., Attitudes Toward Inclusion: The Case of Israeli and Pales-
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Naon D., Morginstin B., Schimmel M., Rivlis G., Children with Special Needs: Evaluation of Needs and Provision By Service Providers, Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute, Jerusalem 2000.
Peters C.D., Kranzler J.H., Algina J., Smith S.W., Daunic A.P., Understanding Disproportionate Representation in Special Education by Examining Group Differences in Behavior Ratings, “Psychology in the Schools” 2014, 51 (5), p. 452–465.
Reiter S., Mar’i S., Rosenberg Y., Parental Attitudes Toward the Developmentally Disabled among Arab Communities in Israel: A Cross-Culture Study, “International Journal of Rehabilitation Research” 1986, 9, p. 355–362.
Sandler-Loeff A., Shahak Y., People with Disabilities in Arab Society in Israel: An Opportunity for Social Change, JDC Israel: The Unit for Disabilities and Rehabilitation, Jerusalem 2006. Shechtman Z., Or A., Applying Counselling Methods to Challenge Teacher Beliefs with Regard to Classroom Diversity and Mainstreaming: an Empirical Study, “Teaching and Teacher Education” 1996, vol. 12 (2), p. 137–147.
Shor R., The Significance of Religion in Advancing a Culturally Sensitive Approach Toward Child Maltreatment, “Families in Society” 1998, 79 (4), p. 400–409.
Special Education Law of 4358, 15.10.88, Laws-Records, Israel 1988 [Hebrew].
State Comptroller, State Comptroller Office, Israel 1992 [Hebrew].
Weisel A., Zaidman A., Attitudes of Secular and Religious Israeli Adolescents Toward Persons with
Disabilities: A Multidimensional Analysis, “International Journal of Disability, Development and Education” 2003, 50 (3), p. 309–322.
Weissblei E., The Availability of Resources for the Community of Children with Special Needs. Israel Knesset Report, Knesset Research and Information Center, Jerusalem 2011.
Westbrook M.T., Legge V., Health Practitioners’ Perceptions of Family Attitudes Toward Children with Disabilities: A Comparison of six Communities in a Multicultural Society, “Rehabilitation Psychology” 1993, 38 (3), p. 177–185.
Abu-Asbah K., The Arab Education System and Questions of Equality, “Mifne” 2008, 58, p. 43–50 [Hebrew].
Agbaria A.K., Mustafa M., The Case of Palestinian Civil Society in Israel: Islam, Civil Society, and Educational Activism, “Critical Studies in Education” 2014, 55 (1), p. 44–57.
Agbenyega J.S., The Power of Labeling Discourse in the Construction of Disability in Ghana, Edu- cational Research, Risks and Dilemmas, Australian Association for Research in Education, Auckland 2003 [online], <www.are.org.nz/are_info.html> [dostęp: 15.11.2020].
Al-Yagon M., Margalit M., Special and Inclusive Education in Israel, “Mediterranean Journal of Educational Studies” 2001, 6 (2), p. 93–112.
Anthony J., Conceptualising Disability in Ghana: Implications for EFA and Inclusive Education, “International Journal of Inclusive Education” 2011, 15, p. 1073–1086.
Avissar G., Inclusive Education in Israel from a Curriculum Perspective: an Exploratory Study, “European Journal of Special Needs Education” 2012, 27 (1), p. 35–49.
Avoke M., Models of Disability in the Labelling and Attitudinal Discourse in Ghana, “Disability & Society” 2002, 17, p. 769–777 [online], <http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/096875902200003906> [dostęp: 30.11.2020].
Ben-Moshe E., Roffman L., Yisrael H. (eds.), People with Disabilities in Israel: Disability and In- clusion in Israeli Society: A Comparative Multi-Year Overview, Commission for Equal Rights for People with Disabilities, Justice Ministry State of Israel, Jerusalem 2011.
Botts B.H., Owusu N.A., The State of Inclusive Education in Ghana, “West Africa. Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth” 2013, 57, p. 135–143.
Dart G., ‘My Eyes Went Wide Open’ – An Evaluation of the Special Needs Education Awareness Course at Molepolole College of Education Botswana, “British Journal of Special Education” 2006, 33, p. 130–138.
Dhungana B.M., The Lives of Disabled Women in Nepal: Vulnerability without Support, “Disability & Society” 2006, 21, p. 133–146 [online], <http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09687590500498051> [dostęp: 30.11.2020].
Florian V., Katz S., The Impact of Cultural, Ethnic, and National Variables on Attitudes Towards the Disabled in Israel: A Review, “International Journal of Intercultural Relations” 1983, 7, p. 167–79.
Florian V., The Association Between Demographic Variables and Attitudes Toward Persons with Disabilities of Secondary Students in Israel, “Eyunim be’Hanuch” 1977, 14, p. 145–158 [He- brew].
Fogel-Bisawi S., Bachar S., Family Romantic Utopia and Social Change: Attitudes of Jewish and Arab Students in Teacher Education Toward the Family Institution, Beit Berl College, Tel-Aviv 2003 [Hebrew].
Gaad E., Cross-Cultural Perspectives on the Effect of Cultural Attitudes Towards Inclusion for Chil- dren with Intellectual Disabilities, “International Journal of Inclusive Education” 2004, 8 (3), p. 311–328.
Groce N.E., Disability in Cross-Cultural Perspective: Rethinking Disability, “The Lancet” 1999, 354 (9180), p. 756–757.
Gumpel T.P., Awartani S., A Comparison of Special Education in Israel and Palestine: Surface and Deep Structures, “The Journal of Special Education” 2003, 37 (1), p. 33–48.
Gumpel T., Special Education Law in Israel, “The Journal of Special Education” 1996, 29, p. 457– 468.
Habib J., The Arab Population of Israel: Selected Characteristics in Education, Economic, Health and Social Indicators, Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute, Jerusalem 2008.
Haiman T., The Integrated Classroom: Attitudes of Teachers Towards Students with and without Learning Disabilities, “Dapim” 2004, 38, p. 152–165 [Hebrew].
Haj Y., Special Education and Inclusion in Arab Society in Israel: Opportunities and Obstacles, [in:] Inclusion: Educational and Social Systems, eds. G. Avissar, Y. Leyser, S. Reiter, Ahva, Haifa 2011, p. 55–85.
Hibel J., Farkas G., Morgan P.L., Who is Placed Into Special Education?, “Sociology of Education” 2010, 83 (4), p. 312–332.
Hosp J., Reschly D.J., Disproportionate Representation of Minority Students in Special Education: Academic, Demographic, and Economic Predictors, “Exceptional Children” 2004, 70 (2), p. 185–199.
Israel National Council for the Child, Children in Israel. Annual Report, 2013 [Hebrew].
Jaber L., Halpern G., Shohat T., Trends in the Frequencies of Consanguineous Marriages in the
Israeli Arab Community, “Clinical Genetics” 2000, 58 (2), p. 106–110.
Karni N., Reiter S., Bryen D.N., Israeli Arab Teachers’ Attitudes on Inclusion of Students with Dis-
abilities, “The British Journal of Development Disabilities” 2011, 57 (113), p. 123–132. Kasler J., Jabareen Y.T., Triple Jeopardy: Special education for Palestinians in Israel, “International Journal of Inclusive Education” 2017, 21 (12), p. 1261–1275.
Lahav H., The Role of the Family in Coping with the Crisis in the Arab Education System, Shining
Publishing, Jerusalem 1995 [Hebrew].
Leyser Y., Romi S., Religion and Attitudes of College Preservice Teachers Toward Students with
Disabilities: Implications for Higher Education, “Higher Education” 2008, 55 (6), p. 703–717
[Hebrew].
Lifshitz H., Glaubman R., Issawi R., Attitudes Toward Inclusion: The Case of Israeli and Pales-
tinian Regular and Special Education Teachers, “European Journal of Special Needs Educa-
tion” 2004, 19 (2), p. 171–190.
Magnet J., Israel’s Education System: Its Place in the Conflict, Ottawa Faculty of Law Working
Paper, University of Ottawa, Ottawa 2015.
Naon D., Morginstin B., Schimmel M., Rivlis G., Children with Special Needs: Evaluation of Needs and Provision By Service Providers, Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute, Jerusalem 2000.
Peters C.D., Kranzler J.H., Algina J., Smith S.W., Daunic A.P., Understanding Disproportionate Representation in Special Education by Examining Group Differences in Behavior Ratings, “Psychology in the Schools” 2014, 51 (5), p. 452–465.
Reiter S., Mar’i S., Rosenberg Y., Parental Attitudes Toward the Developmentally Disabled among Arab Communities in Israel: A Cross-Culture Study, “International Journal of Rehabilitation Research” 1986, 9, p. 355–362.
Sandler-Loeff A., Shahak Y., People with Disabilities in Arab Society in Israel: An Opportunity for Social Change, JDC Israel: The Unit for Disabilities and Rehabilitation, Jerusalem 2006. Shechtman Z., Or A., Applying Counselling Methods to Challenge Teacher Beliefs with Regard to Classroom Diversity and Mainstreaming: an Empirical Study, “Teaching and Teacher Education” 1996, vol. 12 (2), p. 137–147.
Shor R., The Significance of Religion in Advancing a Culturally Sensitive Approach Toward Child Maltreatment, “Families in Society” 1998, 79 (4), p. 400–409.
Special Education Law of 4358, 15.10.88, Laws-Records, Israel 1988 [Hebrew].
State Comptroller, State Comptroller Office, Israel 1992 [Hebrew].
Weisel A., Zaidman A., Attitudes of Secular and Religious Israeli Adolescents Toward Persons with
Disabilities: A Multidimensional Analysis, “International Journal of Disability, Development and Education” 2003, 50 (3), p. 309–322.
Weissblei E., The Availability of Resources for the Community of Children with Special Needs. Israel Knesset Report, Knesset Research and Information Center, Jerusalem 2011.
Westbrook M.T., Legge V., Health Practitioners’ Perceptions of Family Attitudes Toward Children with Disabilities: A Comparison of six Communities in a Multicultural Society, “Rehabilitation Psychology” 1993, 38 (3), p. 177–185.
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