Education and pedagogical efforts in relation to the problem of eating disorders of adolescents

Abstract

The period of adolescence is marked by numerous challenges and significant changes in every young person’s life. The changes in cognitive, emotional, and biological development, combined with the influence of the contemporary world, place a heavy burden on the physical well-being of adolescents, who are not immune to external factors. The cult of the body culture, one of the dominant standards of the 21st century, has contributed to the widespread belief particularly in highly developed countries—that a slim, flawless body is a key to success in personal, social, and professional life. As a result, young people, feeling the pressure to conform to these ideals, often resort to extreme diets and intense physical activity in pursuit of a body deemed attractive by societal standards. Such behaviors frequently lead to the development of eating disorders. Consequently, contemporary education and pedagogical efforts face an important challenge: to educate and support adolescents as they navigate the pressures associated with body image and eating disorders. This can be achieved through preventive measures, raising social awareness, providing reliable knowledge on proper nutrition, and emphasizing the importance of maintaining both physical and psychological well being. Methods: This article presents a review of the existing literature on eating disorders among adolescents. Results: The article outlines key elements of eating disorders, including their trigger factors and the symptoms indicative of their development. It also highlights the systematic education provided to students on topics related to nutrition and maintaining a balanced, healthy lifestyle as part of their school curriculum. Additionally, the article offers recommendations for pedagogical work with adolescents in addressing these issues.