Keywords
colloquial
formal
Spanish as a foreign language
pragmatics
transfer
pragmatic error
How to Cite
Abstract
In this article we intend to present the theoretical bases for the contrastive study of colloquial and formal registers from a pragmatic point of view. Although we start from the point of view of contrastive linguistics, we consider that neither the comparison of the theoretical grammars of two languages, nor the description of specific actions of learners of an L2, can show the nuances of the formal and colloquial registers.
Formal and colloquial registers should not be understood as watertight departments with no relationship between them, but as two extremes within the continuum of speech. Obviously, this continuum will differ depending on the language in question, since certain lexical, pragmatic or syntactic elements, among others, can be understood as corresponding to different registers.
Now, how should we face the contrast of this continuum belonging to different languages? In the paper we present both the techniques used to measure the attitude of the interviewees regarding different elements of the colloquial and formal records, as well as the concepts that will help us to analyse the data obtained. Finally, the analysis can draw conclusions that refer to the learning process and the teaching process.
References
Anusiewicz, J. (1992). Potoczność jako sposob doświadczania świata i jako postawa wobec świata. In J. Anusiewicz & F. Nieckula (Eds.), Język a kultura, t. 5: Potoczność w języku i w kulturze (pp. 9-20). Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego.
Austin, J.L. (1962). How to do things with words. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Bartmiński, J. (1992). Styl potoczny. In J. Anusiewicz & F. Nieckula (Eds.), Język a kultura, t. 5: Potoczność w języku i w kulturze (pp. 37-54). Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego.
Bartmiński, J. (1993). Styl potoczny. In J. Bartmiński (Ed.), Encyklopedia kultury polskiej XX wieku, t. 2 (pp. 115-134). Lublin: Wydawnictwo Wiedza o Kulturze.
Briz, A., Gómeez Molina, J.R., Martínez Alcalde, M.J., Grupo Val.Es.Co. (Eds.) (1997). Pragmática y gramática del español hablado. El español coloquial. Zaragoza: Pórtico.
Briz, A., Grupo Val.Es.Co. (2002). Corpus de conversaciones coloquiales. Madrid: Arco/Libros.
Briz Gómez, A. (1996). El español coloquial. Situación y uso. Madrid: Arco/Libros.
Canale, M., Swain, M. (1980). Theoretical Bases of Communicative Approaches to Second Language Teaching and Testing. Applied Linguistics, 1, 1-47.
Fernández Jódar, R. (2003). La organización del discurso en polaco y español como generador de incomprensión. In. A. Gregori i Gomis et al. (Eds.), Actas del Coloquio “El enfoque social y cultural en los estudios lingüísticos y literarios” (pp. 125-134), Poznań: Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM.
Fernández Jódar, R. (2006). Análisis de errores léxicos, morfosintácticos y gráficos en la lengua escrita de los aprendices polacos de español. Tesis doctoral. Recuperado de: http://www.educacionyfp.gob.es/en/mc/redele/biblioteca-virtual/numerosanteriores/2007/memoriamaster/2-trimestre/fernandez-j.html.
Fernández Jódar, R. (2015). El español coloquial en la clase de E/LE en contexto académico. Teoría y práctica. In Tendencias en la enseñanza de español LE. Perspectivas glotodidácticas y metodológicas contemporáneas (pp. 277-296). Kraków: Księgarnia Akademicka.
Fernández Jódar, R. (2019a). Reconocimiento y percepción de las creaciones léxicas en el registro coloquial español por parte de alumnos polacos. In A. Cabedo Nebot & A. Hidalgo Navarro (Eds.), Pragmática del español hablado. Hacia nuevos horizontes (pp. 521-530). Valencia: Publicacions de
la Universitat de València.
Fernández Jódar, R. (2019b). Sobre las preferencias léxicas en los registros coloquial y formal en L1 y L2. Studia Romanica Posnaniensia, 46/4, 49-161.
Fernández Jódar, R. (2019c). Bases para el análisis contrastivo del léxico coloquial español y polaco. In A.M. López González, M. Baran, A. Kłosińska-Nachin & E. Kobyłecka-Piwońska (Eds.), Voces dialogantes. Estudios en homenaje al profesor Wiaczesław Nowikow (pp. 177-185). Lódz: Wydawnictwo
Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego.
Fernández Jódar, R. (2020). Reconocimiento y percepción del registro coloquial español en alumnos polacos: el caso de los pro-verbos. In N. Nowikow et al. (Eds.), Lingüística hispánica teórica y aplicada: Estudios léxico-gramaticales, didácticos y traductológicos (pp. 77-92), Lódz: Wydawnictwo
Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego.
Gaviño Rodríguez, V. (2008). Español coloquial. Pragmática de lo cotidiano. Cádiz: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Cádiz.
Grice, H.P. (1989). Studies in the way of words. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Gumperz, J., Hymes, D. (1972). Directions in Sociolinguistics: The Ethnography of Communication. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Hidalgo, A. (1997). La entonación coloquial. Función demarcativa y unidades de habla. Valencia: Publicacions de la Universitat de València.
Hołowka T. (1986). Myślenie potoczne. Heterogeniczność zdrowego rozsądku. Warszawa: Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy.
Hymes, D. (1971). On communicative competence. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Labov, W. (1972). Language in the Inner City: Studies in the Black English Vernacular. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Llobera, M. et al. (1995). Competencia comunicativa. Documentos básicos en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras. Madrid: Edelsa.
Nowikow, W. (2017). Gramática contrastiva español-polaco. Lódz: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego.
Ruiz Gurillo, L. (1998). La fraseología del español coloquial. Barcelona: Ariel.
Searle, J. (1969). Speech Acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Serrano, M.J. (2011). Sociolingüística. Barcelona: Serbal.
Vigara, A.M. (1992). Morfosintaxis del español coloquial. Madrid: Gredos.
Zdunkiewicz-Jedynak, D. (2008). Wykłady ze stylistyki. Warszawa: PWN.
License
- The Author hereby warrants that he/she is the owner of all the copyright and other intellectual property rights in the Work and that, within the scope of the present Agreement, the paper does not infringe the legal rights of another person.The owner of the copyright work also warrants that he/she is the sole and original creator thereof and that is not bound by any legal constraints in regard to the use or sale of the work.
- The Author grants the Purchaser non-exclusive and free of charge license to unlimited use worldwide over an unspecified period of time in the following areas of exploitation:
2.1. production of multiple copies of the Work produced according to the specific application of a given technology, including printing, reproduction of graphics through mechanical or electrical means (reprography) and digital technology;
2.2. marketing authorisation, loan or lease of the original or copies thereof;
2.3. public performance, public performance in the broadcast, video screening, media enhancements as well as broadcasting and rebroadcasting, made available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them;
2.4. inclusion of the Work into a collective work (i.e. with a number of contributions);
2.5. inclusion of the Work in the electronic version to be offered on an electronic platform, or any other conceivable introduction of the Work in its electronic version to the Internet;
2.6. dissemination of electronic versions of the Work in its electronic version online, in a collective work or independently;
2.7. making the Work in the electronic version available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them, in particular by making it accessible via the Internet, Intranet, Extranet;
2.8. making the Work available according to appropriate license pattern Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) as well as another language version of this license or any later version published by Creative Commons. - The Author grants the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan permission to:
3.1. reproduce a single copy (print or download) and royalty-free use and disposal of rights to compilations of the Work and these compilations.
3.2. send metadata files related to the Work, including to commercial and non-commercial journal-indexing databases. - The Author declares that, on the basis of the license granted in the present Agreement, the Purchaser is entitled and obliged to allow third parties to obtain further licenses (sublicenses) to the Work and to other materials, including derivatives thereof or compilations made based on or including the Work, whereas the provisions of such sub-licenses will be the same as with the attributed license pattern Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)or another language version of this license, or any later version of this license published by Creative Commons. Thereby, the Author entitles all interested parties to use the work, for non-commercial purposes only, under the following conditions:
4.1. acknowledgment of authorship, i.e. observing the obligation to provide, along with the distributed work, information about the author, title, source (link to the original Work, DOI) and of the license itself.
4.2. the derivatives of the Work are subject to the same conditions, i.e. they may be published only based on a licence which would be identical to the one granting access to the original Work. - The University of Adam Mickiewicz in Poznań is obliged to
5.1. make the Work available to the public in such a way that members of the public may access the Work from a place and at a time individually chosen by them, without any technological constraints;
5.2. appropriately inform members of the public to whom the Work is to be made available about sublicenses in such a way as to ensure that all parties are properly informed (appropriate informing messages).
Other provisions
- The University of Adam Mickiewicz in Poznań hereby preserves the copyright to the journal as a whole (layout/stylesheet, graphics, cover design, logo etc.)