Second language writing anxiety, computer anxiety, and performance in a classroom versus a web-based environment
PDF

Keywords

writing anxiety
computer anxiety
second language learning
ESL
distance learning

How to Cite

Dracopoulos, E., & Pichette, F. (2011). Second language writing anxiety, computer anxiety, and performance in a classroom versus a web-based environment. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 1(1), 101–117. https://doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2011.1.1.6

Number of views: 848


Number of downloads: 507

Abstract

This study examined the impact of writing anxiety and computer anxiety on language learning for 45 ESL adult learners enrolled in an English grammar and writing course. Two sections of the course were offered in a traditional classroom setting whereas two others were given in a hybrid form that involved distance learning. Contrary to previous research, writing anxiety showed no correlation with learning performance, whereas computer anxiety only yielded a positive correlation with performance in the case of classroom learners. There were no significant differences across learning environments on any measures. These observations are discussed in light of the role computer technologies now play in our society as well as the merging of socio-demographic profiles between classroom and distance learners. Our data suggest that comparisons of profiles between classroom and distance learners may not be an issue worth investigating anymore in language studies, at least in developed countries.
https://doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2011.1.1.6
PDF

References

Aida, Y. (1994). Examination of Horwitz, Horwitz and Cope’s construct of foreign language anxiety: The case of students of Japanese. The Modern Language Journal, 78, 155-168.

Aydin, S. (2011). Internet anxiety among foreign language learners. TechTrends, 55(2), 46-54.

Bailey, K. M. (1983). Competitiveness and anxiety in adult second language learning: Looking at and through the diary studies. In H. W Seliger, & M. H. Long (Eds.), Classroom Oriented Research in Second Language Acquisition (pp. 67-102). Rowley, MA: Newbury House.

Bailey, P., Onwuegbuzie, A. J., & Daley, C.E. (2000). Correlates of anxiety at three stages of the foreign language learning process. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 19(4), 474-490.

Brown, J. D., Robson, G., & Rosenkjar, P. R. (2001). Personality, motivation, anxiety, strategies and language proficiency of Japanese students. Motivation and Second Language Acquisition, 23, 361-398.

Chen, T.-Y., & Chang, G. B. Y. (2004). The relationship between foreign language anxiety and learning difficulties. Foreign Language Annals, 37, 279-290.

Cheng, Y., Horwitz, E., & Schallert, D. (1999). Language anxiety: Differentiating writing and speaking components. Language Learning, 49(3), 417-446.

Daly, J. A., & Miller, M. D. (1975). Further studies in writing apprehension: SAT scores, success, expectations, willingness to take advanced courses, and sex differences. Research in the Teaching of English, 9, 250-256.

Daly, J. A. (1979). Writing apprehension in the classroom: Teacher role expectancies of the apprehensive writer. Research in the Teaching of English, 13, 37-45.

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York: Plenum Press.

Egger, M., & Smith, G. D. (1998). Meta-analysis bias in location and selection of studies. British Medical Journal, 316(7124), 61-66.

Ganschow, L., & Sparks, R. (1996). Anxiety about foreign language learning among high school women. The Modern Language Journal, 80(2), 199-212.

Heinssen, R. K., Glass, C. R., & Knight, L. A. (1987). Assessing computer anxiety: Development and validation of the Computer Anxiety Rating Scale. Computers in Human Behavior, 3(1), 49-59.

Horwitz, E. K. (2001). Language anxiety and achievement, Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 21, 112-126.

Horwitz, E. K., Horwitz, M., & Cope, J. A. (1986). Foreign language classroom anxiety. The Modern Language Journal, 70, 125-132.

Hurd, S. (2007). Anxiety and non-anxiety in a distance language learning environment: The distance factor as a modifying influence. System, 35(4), 487-508.

Krashen, S. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. Oxford: Pergamon.

Lu, S.-H. (2010). A correlational study of computer anxiety, second language writing apprehension and Taiwanese college student experiences with word processing. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Mississippi.

MacIntyre, P. D. (1999). Language anxiety: A review of the research for language teachers. In D. Young (Ed.), Affect in foreign language and second language learning: A practical guide to creating a low-anxiety classroom atmosphere (pp. 24-45). Boston: McGraw-Hill.

MacIntyre, P. D., & Gardner, R. C. (1989). Anxiety and second language learning: Towards a theoretical clarification. Language Learning, 39, 251-275.

MacIntyre, P. D., & Gardner, R. C. (1991). Language anxiety: Its relation to other anxieties and to processing in native and second languages. Language Learning, 41, 513-534.

MacIntyre, P. D., & Gardner, R. C. (1994). The subtle effects of language anxiety on cognitive processing in the second language. Language Learning, 44, 283-305.

Matsumura, S., & Hann, G. (2004). Computer anxiety and students’ preferred feedback methods in EFL writing. The Modern Language Journal, 88, 403-415.

Phillips, E. M. (1992). The effects of language anxiety on students’ oral test performance and attitudes. The Modern Language Journal, 76(1), 14-26.

Pichette, F. (2009). Second language anxiety and distance language learning. Foreign Language Annals, 42, 77-93.

Price, M. L. (1988). Anxiety and the foreign language learner: Correlates of foreign language anxiety. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, The University of Texas at Austin.

Saade, R. G., & Kira, D. (2009). Computer anxiety in e-learning: The effect of computer self-efficacy. Journal of Information Technology Education, 8. Retrieved from http://jite.org/documents/Vol8/JITEv8p177-191Saade724.pdf

Schlesinger, H. (1995). The effectiveness of anxiety reduction techniques in the foreign language classroom. Unpublished Doctoral dissertation, The University of Texas at Austin.

Scovel, T. (1978). The effect of affect on foreign language learning: A review of the anxiety research. Language Learning, 28, 129-142.

Sieber, J. E., O’Neil, H.F., & Tobias, S. (1977). Anxiety, learning, and instruction. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Talbot, N. (2011). Méta-analyse: Un outil pertinent dans le cadre d’une recension des écrits. Paper presented at the 79th ACFAS conference, Sherbrooke, Canada, May.

Tobias, S. (1986) Anxiety and cognitive processing of instruction. In R. Schuwarzer (Ed.), Self-related cognition in anxiety and motivation (pp. 35-43). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Tuncay, N., & Uzunboylu, H. (2010). Anxiety and resistance in distance learning. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 4, 142-150.

Vogely, A. J. (1998). Listening comprehension anxiety: Students’ reported sources and solutions. Foreign Language Annals, 31, 67-80.

Vygotsky, L. S. (1981). The development of higher mental functions. In J.V. Wertsch (Ed.) The concept of activity in Soviet psychology (pp. 37-71). NY: Sharpe.

Wiltse, E. M. (2000). The effects of motivation and anxiety on college students’ use of instructor comments. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, The University of Wyoming, Laramie. Retrieved from http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/COJO/WILTSE/dissertation.htm.