Résumé
Foreign language teaching methodologies have changed noticeably in the last hundred years. The emphasis on grammar has decreased, while the focus on communication has increased. Rather than quantitative in nature, these changes concern themselves more with the qualitative question of how grammar is taught. Two common approaches to grammar teaching are the inductive and deductive approach. While they both fall under the explicit grammar-teaching umbrella, research strongly points toward an advantage of the inductive grammar teaching approach. Therefore, a principal question that this article seeks to answer is which approach is more commonly found in current first-year German college textbooks. A detailed analysis of how eleven relevant textbooks present their grammar lessons reveals that the overwhelming majority (N=8) of the textbooks use the deductive approach. These findings indicate a significant disconnect between grammar presentation in textbooks and recent research on successful and effective foreign language teaching. It is strongly recommended that textbook authors and colleagues involved in the textbook selection process be more informed with the research findings in SLA and be instrumental in seeing that these changes are reflected in textbooks and language teaching curricula.
Références
Ana, K.T. / Ratminingsih, N.M. (2012). Teaching English tenses to EFL learners: Deductive or inductive? International Journal for Cross-Disciplinary Subjects in Education, 2 (2), 998–1004.
Angell, J. / DuBravac, S. / Gonglewski, M. (2008). Thinking globally, acting locally: Selecting textbooks for college‐level language programs. Foreign Language Annals, 41, 562–573.
Arteaga, D.L. (2000). Articulatory phonetics in the first-year Spanish classroom. The Modern Language Journal, 84, 339–354.
Aski, J.M. (2003). Foreign language textbook activities: Keeping pace with second language acquisition research. Foreign Language Annals, 36, 57–65.
Bai, X. / Luo, M. (2011). How much is trust worth? Evidence from the international online textbook market. Journal of Internet Commerce, 10 (4), 245–260.
Betz, E.M. / Huth, T. (2014). Beyond grammar: Teaching interaction in the German language classroom. Die Unterrichtspraxis/Teaching German, 47, 140–163.
Chapelle, C.A. (2009). A hidden curriculum in language textbooks: Are beginning learners of French at U.S. universities taught about Canada? The Modern Language Journal, 93 (2), 139–152.
Chapelle, C.A. (2014). Five decades of Canadian and Québec content in French textbooks in the United States. American Review of Canadian Studies, 44 (4), 415–432.
Cohen, Y. “Gerry” (2009). Grammar and communication: Can we real have one without the other? Babel, 43 (3), 4.
Culman, H. / Henry, N. / Van Patten, B. (2009). The role of explicit information in instructed SLA: An on-line study with processing instruction and German accusative case inflections. Die Unterrichtspraxis/Teaching German, 42 (1), 19–31.
DeKeyser, R.M. (2003). Implicit and explicit learning. In: C. Doughty / M. Long (eds.), The handbook of second language acquisition (pp. 313–348). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
Edmondson, D.R. / Ward, C. (2015). Students’ attitudes towards textbook types: Are students really ready for e-textbooks? Atlantic Marketing Journal, 5 (1), 1–14.
Erlam, R. (2005). Language aptitude and its relationship to instructional effectiveness in second language acquisition. Language Teaching Research, 92, 147–71. Fehringer, C. (2002). German grammar in context. London: Arnold.
Gardner, R.C. / Lambert, W. (1972). Attitudes and motivation in second language learning. Rowley, MA: Newbury House.
Guerrettaz, A.M. / Johnston, B. (2013). Materials in the classroom ecology. The Modern Language Journal, 97, 779–796.
Haight, C. / Herron, C. / Cole, S. (2007). The effects of deductive and guided inductive instructional approaches on the learning of grammar in the elementary foreign language college classroom. Foreign Language Annals, 40 (2), 288–310.
Hammerly, H. (1975). The deduction/induction controversy. The Modern Language Journal, 59 (1–2), 15–18.
Hoffmann, C. / Wanner, I. (2003). Multimedia authoring tools for German grammar. German as a Foreign Language, 2, 76–90.
Humphries, S. (2014). Factors influencing Japanese teachers’ adoption of communication‐oriented textbooks. In: S. Garton / K. Graves (eds.), International perspectives on materials in ELT. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Hutchinson, T. / Torres, E. (1994). The textbook as agent of change. ELT Journal, 48, 315–328.
Hwu, F. / Pan, W. / Sun, S. (2014) Aptitude-treatment interaction effects on explicit rule learning: A latent growth curve analysis. Language Teaching Research, 18 (3), 294–319.
Kolesnikova, A. (2012). Investigating effects of computer-based grammar tutorials [University of Iowa, UMI]. In: Dissertation Abstracts International, Section A: The Humanities and Social Sciences (vol. 72, Issue 12), 4432).
Lee, J.G. / Van Patten, B. (1995). Making communicative language teaching happen. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Levine, G. (2006). Problematizing the teaching and learning of grammar in the intermediate German classroom: A sociocultural approach. Die Unterrichtspraxis/Teaching German, 39 (1–2), 1–13.
Long, M.H. / Robinson, P. (1998). Focus on form: Theory, research, and practice. In: C. Doughty / J. Williams (eds.), Focus on form in classroom second language acquisition (pp. 15–41). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Magedanz, J. (2008). A communicative approach to the passive in first‐year German. Die Unterrichtspraxis/Teaching German, 37, 160–164.
Masuhara, H. / Tomlinson, B. (2008). Materials for general English. In: B. Tomlinson (ed.), English language teaching materials: A critical review (pp. 17–37). London: Continuum.
Montazeran, P. / Asadi, E. / Maghsoudi, M. (2014). The effect of inductive and deductive methods of teaching on Iranian EFL learners’ grammar knowledge. Enjoy Teaching Journal, 2 (3), 60–69.
Müller, M. (2008). Challenges and opportunities for methodologically principled L2 pronunciation training in German textbooks and class. Forum Deutsch, 16, 30–37.
Norris, J.M. / Ortega, L. (2000). Effectiveness of L2 instruction: A research synthesis and quantitative meta-analysis. Language Learning, 50, 417–528.
Nur, C. (2003). English language teaching in Indonesia: Changing policies and practical constraints. In: W.K. Ho / R.Y.L. Wong (eds.), English language teaching in East Asia today: Changing policies and practices (pp. 163–172). Singapore: Eastern Universities Press.
Olsen, S. (2000). First- and second-year textbooks: Which ones we use and how. Die Unterrichtspraxis/ Teaching German, 33 (2), 138–147.
Omaggio Hadley, A. (1993). Teaching languages in context. Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle.
Orozco, R. / Thoms, J.J. (2014). The future tense in Spanish L2 textbooks. Spanish. Context, 11 (1), 27–49.
Pittman, I. (2015). Integration of pronunciation in first-year German textbooks. In: J. Levis / R. Mohammad / M. Quian / Z. Zhou (eds.), Proceedings of the 6th Pronunciation in second language learning and teaching conference (pp. 229–242). Ames, IA: Iowa State University.
Richards, J. / Rodgers, T. (2001). Approaches and methods in language teaching. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Roche, J. / Suñer, F. (2016). Metaphors and grammar teaching. Yearbook of the German Cognitive Linguistics Association, 4 (1), 89–112.
Rott, S. (2000). Teaching German grammar through communicative tasks: Some suggestions. Die Unterrichtspraxis/Teaching German, 33 (2), 125–133.
Rubdy, R. (2003). Selection of materials. In: B. Tomlinson (ed.), Developing materials for language teaching (pp. 37–57). London: Continuum.
Shaffer, C. (1989). A comparison of inductive and deductive approaches to teaching foreign languages. The Modern Language Journal, 73, 395–403.
Sippel, L. / Nimmrichter, S. (2017). Lehrwerke aus Deutschland: Eine Alternative für Anfängerkurse an US-Universitäten? Die Unterrichtspraxis/Teaching German, 50 (2), 198–212.
Snider, D. (2005). Communicative and non‐communicative activities in first‐year college German textbooks. Die Unterrichtspraxis/Teaching German, 38, 163–171.
Swain, M. (1993). The output hypothesis: Just speaking and writing aren’t enough. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 50, 158–164.
Tammenga-Helmantel, M. / Arends, E. / Canrinus, E.T. (2014). The effectiveness of deductive, inductive, implicit and incidental grammatical instruction in second language classrooms. System, 45, 198–210.
Tammenga-Helmantel, M. / Bazhutkina, I. / Hummel, I. / Suhre, C. / Steringa, S. (2016). Comparing inductive and deductive grammatical instruction in teaching German as a foreign language in Dutch classrooms. System, 63, 101–114.
Tschirner, E. (1998). From lexicon to grammar. In: J. Harper / M. Lively / M. Williams (eds.), The coming age of the profession: Issues and emerging ideas for the teaching of foreign languages. Boston: Heinle & Heinle.
Vandergriff, I. / Barry, D. / Mueller, K. (2008). Authentic models and usage norms? Gender marking in first‐year textbooks. Die Unterrichtspraxis/Teaching German, 41, 144–150.
Vyatkina, N. (2013). Discovery learning and teaching with electronic corpora in an advanced German grammar course. Die Unterrichtspraxis/Teaching German, 46, 44–61.
Vyatkina, N. (2020). Corpora as open educational resources for language teaching. Foreign Language Annals, 53 (2), 359–370.
Weber, A. (2018). Teaching grammar through literature in foreign language learning with German as an example. Per Linguam, 34, 77–89.
Widodo, H.P. (2006). Approaches and procedures for teaching grammar. English Teaching: Practice and Critique, 5 (1), 122–141.
Licence
Auteurs
Les auteurs de textes acceptés pour publication dans la revue Glottodidactica sont tenus de remplir, signer et renvoyer à l'adresse de la rédaction, un accord sur l'octroi d'une licence gratuite pour les œuvres, avec obligation d'accorder une sous-licence CC.
Conformément à cet accord, les auteurs des textes publiés dans la revue Glottodidactica accordent à l'Université Adam Mickiewicz de Poznań une licence non exclusive et gratuite et autorisent l'utilisation de la sous-licence Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0).
Les auteurs se réservent le droit de disposer librement de l'œuvre.
Utilisateurs
Les utilisateurs d'Internet intéressés ont le droit d'utiliser les œuvres publiées dans la revue Glottodidactica depuis 2016, selon les conditions suivantes :
- Attribution – obligation de fournir, conjointement avec l'œuvre distribuée, des informations sur l'auteur, le titre, la source (lien vers l'œuvre originale, DOI) et la licence elle-même.
- Aucune modification – l'œuvre doit être préservée dans sa forme originale. Sans le consentement de l'auteur, il n'est pas possible de distribuer l'œuvre modifiée sous forme de traductions, publications, etc.
Les droits d'auteur sont réservés pour tous les textes publiés avant 2016.
Autres
L'Université Adam Mickiewicz de Poznań conserve les droits sur la revue dans son ensemble (mise en page, forme graphique, titre, conception de la couverture, logo, etc.).
A PARTIR DE L’ANNEE 2015, LES ARTICLES PUBLIÉS DANS LA REVUE SONT DISPONIBLES SOUS LICENCE CREATIVE COMMONS : https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.fr