Evaluation of Individual Scientists and Research Groups

Abstract

The value and quality of original scientific research cannot be described in well defined quantitative terms. Therefore, evaluation of scientific achievements, research projects, must be qualitative and subjective. This does not exclude efforts to make evaluation more objective and reliable. Two basic tools can be used for this purpose: peer review and analysis of qualitative indices of achievement and scientific reputation. Number of publications (of various types), courses and lectures, papers presented in scientific meetings, form a quantitative pattern of activity and achievements. The indices of reputation include, int. al., the number of citations, scientific awards, membership in prestigious societies and scientific committees. All factors should be taken into account in the evaluation process but do not automatically imply the result. Requirements for people participating in the evaluation process and decision making, and their mutual relations are discussed. Evaluation resembles a non-contradictory court procedure and the roles of judges, witnesses, defendants must be clearly defined and separated.