Abstract
Medusa, the Gorgon known for her monstrous appearance and petrifying gaze, is one of the most iconic figures in Greco-Roman mythology. Unlike many other mythological characters, Medusa can be identified solely by her distinctive physiognomy, without the need for symbolic attributes, as is often the case with depictions of deities. However, in the myth of Perseus, where Medusa is the main antagonist, various props play a crucial role in defining her character. This article explores the role of three key categories of these objects–those used against Medusa, those created by her gaze, andthose formed from her dead corpse–in shaping her image in film pop culture. Through an analysis of films such as Clash of the Titans (2010) and Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief (2010), as well as their originals or remakes, the study demonstrates how these objects not only construct Medusa’s portrayal but also engage with themes of objectification and dehumanization.
References
Attiah K., The epic tragedy of the #MeToo Medusa, “The Washington Post”, 19.10.2020,
<https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2020/10/19/epictragedymetoomedusanewyorklucianogarbati/> [accessed: Aug 29, 2024].
Atwood M., The Penelopiad, Edinburgh 2005.
Barker P., The Silence of the Girls, London 2018.
Haynes N., A Thousand Ships, London 2019.
Karoglou K., Dangerous Beauty: Medusa in Classical Art, “The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin” 2018, no. 3, vol. 75.
Le Guin U.K., Lavinia, Orlando 2008.
Miller M., Circe, New York 2018.
Mulvey L., Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema, “Screen” 1975, no. 16, pp. 6–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/screen/16.3.6
Murgatroyd P., Mythical Monsters in Classical Literature, London 2007.
Riordan R., Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief, New York 2005 (ebook).
Soucy C.L., Ovid’s Metamorphoses: A New Translation, Oakland 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520394865
The Medusa Reader, Garber M., Vickers N.J. (eds.), New York–London 2003.
Vernant J.P., Myth and Thought Among the Greeks, London–Boston 1983.
Wilk S.R., Medusa: Solving the Mystery of the Gorgon, New York 2000. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195124316.001.0001
Winkler M.M., Ovid on Screen: A Montage of Attractions, Cambridge 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108756891
Zimmerman J., Women and Other Monsters: Building a New Mythology, Boston 2021.
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Patrycja Rojek

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors
Authors of texts accepted for publication in Przestrzenie Teorii are required to complete, sign and return to the editor's office the Agreement for granting a royalty-free license to works with a commitment to grant a CC sub-license.
Under the agreement, the authors of texts published in Przestrzenie Teorii grant the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań a non-exclusive, royalty-free license and authorize the use of Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) Creative Commons sub-license.
The authors retain the right to continue the free disposal of the work.
Users
Interested Internet users are entitled to use works published in Przestrzenie Teorii since 2015, for non-commercial purposes only, under the following conditions:
- attribution - obligation to provide, together with the distributed work, information about the authorship, title, source (link to the original work, DOI) and the license itself.
- no derivatives - the work must be preserved in its original form, without the author's consent it is not possible to distribute the modified work, such as translations, publications, etc.
Copyrights are reserved for all texts published before 2015.
Miscellaneous
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań retains the right to magazines as a whole (layout, graphic form, title, cover design, logo etc.).
