Schlagworte
tonal languages
tones
tonal phonemes
Chinese language acquisition.
Zitationsvorschlag
Abstract
The current paper refers to the particular phonetic and phonological substance of the Chinese language. The key topics include the acoustic features of tonal languages, speech sound and audio-perception, as well as some issues of acquisition of Chinese language skills and reception conditions. The difficulties in tonal phonemes identification in hearing-impaired native Chinese and in non-tonal language users learning Chinese as a foreign language inspire the scientists to research the register of tones, acoustic features of tonal languages, the fundamental frequency (F0), tone contour and duration, and the speech signal – natural and subjected to filtration.Literaturhinweise
Chang Hsiao-Fen張小芬. 2007b. 電腦化「國語聲調聽辨測驗 」之編製. 聽辨測驗. 54(1), 97-120.
Chang Hsiao-Fen 張小芬 / Gu Hung-Yan古鴻炎 / Wu Jiun-Hsin吳俊欣. 2004.「聽障學生國語語詞聲調人耳評分與電腦分析之初探」特殊教育研究學刊. 26, 221-245.
Chao, Yuan Ren 趙元任 . 1968. A Grammar of Spoken Chinese (chiń. Zhōngguóhuàde wénfǎ 中国话的文法). Berkeley.
Chen, Gwang-tsai. 1975. Tone pair. Journal of Chinese Language Teachers Association. Vol. 10. (1), 25-27.
Chen, Sheng Hwa 1996. Voice range profile of Taiwanese normal young adults: a preliminary study. 聽語會刊 1996.12. 79-86
Fromkin, V. / Rodman, R. / Hyams, N. 2003. An introduction to language. Boston: Thomson/ Heinle Publication.
Garding, E./ Kratochvil, P. / Svantesson, J.O. / Zhang, J. 1986. Tone 4 and Tone 3 discrimination in modern standard Chinese. Language and Speech, 29, 281-293.
Guo Jyun-Hong郭俊弘 / Liu Huei-Mei劉惠美 / Hung Kuei-Chun黃桂君 / Wang Hsiao-Chuan 王小川 / Tsao Feng-Ming曹峰銘. 2010. 修改語音基頻曲線與低通濾波處理影響聽障學生國語聲調聽辨成效之研究. 特殊教育研究學刊, 35(3), 77-101.
Hojan, E. & Skrodzka, E. 2005. Audiologiczne aspektu akustyki i psychoakustyki. In: M. Śliwińska-Kowalska (ed.). Audiologia kliniczna. Łódź, 97-106.
Jeng, J. L.鄭傑麟. 1995. 國語聲調音位的探究. 屏東教大學報.8.257-276.
Jeng Jing-Yi 鄭靜宜 1994. 語音單調化對國語詞語和句子的辨識及語音清晰度的影響. 南師學報 38, 1, 175-196.
Jongman, A. / Wang, Y. / Moore, C.B. / Sereno J. A. 2006. Perception and Production of Mandarin Chinese tones. In: Li P. / Tan L.H. / Bates E. / Tzeng O.J.L. The Handbook of East Asian Psycholinguistics. Vol. 1. Chinese. Cambridge University Press, 209-217.
Kratochvil, P. 1968. The Chinese Language Today. London: Hutchinson University Library.
Künstler, M.J. 2000. Języki chińskie. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Akademickie Dialog.
Lee, Y. / Lee, Lin-shan / Tseng, Chiu-yu. 1997. Isolated Mandarin Syllable Recognition with Limited Training Data Specially Considering the Effect of Tones. IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, 5(1), 75-80.
Leong, C. K. 2006. Making explicit children's implicit epilanguage in learning to read Chinese. In: Li P. / Tan L.H. / Bates E. / Tzeng O.J.L. The Handbook of East Asian Psycholinguistics. Vol. 1. Chinese. Cambridge University Press, 70-80.
Li, C. N., / Thompson, S. A. 1977. The acquisition of tone in Mandarin-speaking children. Journal of Child Language, 4, 185-199.
Petrushin, V.A. 2000. Student response evaluation for spoken language learning: case study of learnig Chinese tones. IEEE-International conference advanced learning technologies, 9, 9-12.
Shen, X. S. 1989. Toward a register approach in teaching Mandarin tones. Journal of Chinese Language Teachers Association, 24, 27-47.
Śledziński D. 2008. Fonetyczno-akustyczna analiza struktury sylaby w języku polskim na potrzeby technologii mowy, Investigationes Linguisticae, vol. XVI, Poznań.
Tseng Chin-Chin曾金金 / Chang Yue-Hsin張月馨 / Chen Ching-Tzu陳靜子. 2007. 線上聽辨聲調自我檢測系統效果評估.華語文教學研究, 12, 43-69.
Wang, Y. / Jongman A. / Sereno J.A. 2006. L2 Acquisition and Processing of Mandarin Tone. In: Li P. / Tan L.H. / Bates E. / Tzeng O.J.L. The Handbook of East Asian Psycholinguistics. Vol. 1. Chinese. Cambridge University Press. 250-256.
Wang, Y. / Spence, M.M. / Jongman, A. / Sereno, J.A. 1999. Training American listeners to perceive Mandarin tones. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 12, 106, 3649-3658.
Wu Jing-lan. 1993.The acquisition of Mandarin tones. Research Papers in Linguistics and Literature, 2, 179-188.
Xie Yun Fei謝雲飛. 1994. 四聲八調與八調不全. 中國語文, 10, 32-37.
Xu, Y. 1997. Contextual tonal variations in Mandarin. Journal of Phonetics, 25, 61-83.
Lizenz
Authors
Authors of texts accepted for publication in Glottodidactica are required to complete, sign and return to the editor's office the Agreement for granting a royalty-free license to works with a commitment to grant a CC sub-license.
Under the agreement, the authors of texts published in Glottodidactica grant the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań a non-exclusive, royalty-free license and authorize the use of Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0) Creative Commons sub-license.
The authors retain the right to continue the free disposal of the work.
Users
Interested Internet users are entitled to use works published in Glottodidactica since 2016, under the following conditions:
- attribution - obligation to provide, together with the distributed work, information about the authorship, title, source (link to the original work, DOI) and the license itself.
- no derivatives - the work must be preserved in its original form, without the author's consent it is not possible to distribute the modified work, such as translations, publications, etc.
Copyrights are reserved for all texts published before 2016.
Miscellaneous
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań retains the right to magazines as a whole (layout, graphic form, title, cover design, logo etc.).