Abstract
Student autonomy refers to learners’ ability to control their learning processes, make independent decisions, and regulate their learning activities. Recognized as a crucial aspect of language learning, autonomy empowers learners to engage actively with language tasks and fosters lifelong learning skills. In recent research on L2 teaching, developing learner autonomy has emerged as a key goal, aligning with contemporary educational paradigms that emphasize learner-centered approaches. This study explores the role of process writing and mentoring in cultivating autonomy among high school L2 learners. The research project implemented a mentoring initiative wherein six graduate students guided thirteen high school students in crafting academic essays stimulated by literary texts. Its primary objective was to enhance students’ academic skills, with emphasis on fostering learner autonomy. The qualitative data sources included post-writing reflective assignments, diaries used to document the process and participants’ reflections, both written by high school students, and a focus-group interview held with them. The findings indicate positive shifts in learner autonomy development, including better time management, enhanced self-reflection, and more skillful resource evaluation, combined with heightened awareness of academic writing practices among the participants.
Funding
Inicjatywa Doskonałości - Uczelnia Badawcza
Literaturhinweise
Abetang, M. A., Oguma, R. N., Abetang, A. P. (2020), Mentoring and the difference it makes in teachers’ work: A literature review. “European Journal of Education Studies,” No 7, pp. 301–323. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v7i6.3146
Bandura, A. (1977), Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. “Psychological Review,” No 84, pp. 191–215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-295X.84.2.191
Benson, P. (2007), Autonomy in language teaching and learning. “Language Teaching,” No 40, pp. 21–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444806003958
Council of Europe (2018), Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment. Companion Volume with New Descriptors. Council of Europe.
Dickinson, L. (1987), Self-instruction in language learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dörnyei, Z. (2007), Research methods in applied linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Droździał-Szelest, K. (1997). Language learning strategies in the process of acquiring a foreign language. Poznań: Motivex.
Eby, L. T. et al. (2004), Career benefits associated with mentoring for proteges: A meta-analysis. “Journal of Applied Psychology”, No 89, pp. 127–136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.89.1.127
Graves, D. (1983), Writing: Teachers and children at work. Exeter, NH: Heinemann.
Holec, H. ([1979] 1981), Autonomy and foreign language learning. Oxford: Pergamon.
Holmes, A. (2023), Fostering learner autonomy in higher education through coaching and mentoring for non-traditional learners. “International Journal of Education,” No 11, pp. 69–76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34293/education.v11i4.6185
Hoven, D. (1999), CALL-ing the learner into focus: Towards a learner-centred model. “WORLDCALL: Global Perspectives on Computer-Assisted Language Learning,” No 3, pp. 149–168.
Hyland, F. (2000), Teacher management of writing workshops: Two case studies. “Canadian Modern Language Review,” No 57, pp. 272–294. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3138/cmlr.57.2.272
Jimenez Raya, J. and Vieira, F. (eds.) (2021), Autonomy in language education: Theory, research and practice. New York, NY: Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429261336
Kutsyuruba, B. and Godden, L. (2019), The role of mentoring and coaching as a means of supporting the well-being of educators and students. “International Journal of Mentoring and Coaching in Education,” No 8, pp. 229–234. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMCE-12-2019-081
Little, D. (1991), Learner autonomy 1: Definitions, issues and problems. Dublin: Authentik.
Little, D., Dam, L., Legenhausen, L. (2017), Language learner autonomy: Theory, practice and research. Bristol: Multilingual Matters. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21832/9781783098606
Matsuda, P. K. (2003) Process and post-process: A discursive history. “Journal of Second Language Writing,” No 12, pp. 65–83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1060-3743(02)00127-3
Ministerstwo Edukacji Narodowej (2017). Rozporządzenie Ministra Edukacji Narodowej z dnia 14 lutego 2017 r. w sprawie podstawy programowej wychowania przedszkolnego oraz podstawy programowej kształcenia ogólnego dla szkoły podstawowej, w tym dla uczniów z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną w stopniu umiarkowanym lub znacznym, kształcenia ogólnego dla branżowej szkoły I stopnia, kształcenia ogólnego dla szkoły specjalnej przysposabiającej do pracy oraz kształcenia ogólnego dla szkoły policealnej. Dziennik Ustaw 2017, pos. 356.
Michońska-Stadnik, A. (1996). Strategie uczenia się i autonomia w warunkach szkolnych. Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego.
Nunan, D. (1997), Designing and adapting materials to encourage learner autonomy, (in:) Benson P., Voller P. (eds.), Autonomy and Independence in Language Learning, London: Routledge, pp. 192–203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315842172-16
Pawlak, M. (2008), Autonomia w nauce języka obcego – co osiągnęliśmy i dokąd zmierzamy. Poznań – Kalisz – Konin: Wydawnictwo UAM i PWSZ w Koninie.
Pawlak, M. (2011), Rozwijanie autonomii ucznia w pracy z uczniem niezwykłym. “Neofilolog”, No 36, pp. 301–318. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/n.2011.36.21
Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L. (2000), Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. “American Psychologist,” No 55, pp. 68–78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066X.55.1.68
Ushioda, E. (2003), Motivation as a socially mediated process, (in:) Little D., Ridley J., Ushioda E. (eds.), Learner autonomy in the foreign language classroom: Teacher, learner, curriculum and assessment, Dublin: Authentik, pp. 90–102.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978), Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Wallace, J. E., Haines, V. A. (2004), The benefits of mentoring for engineering students. “Journal of Women and Minorities in Science and Engineering,” No 10, pp. 377–291. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1615/JWomenMinorScienEng.v10.i4.60
Wilczyńska, W. (1999), Uczyć się czy być nauczanym? O autonomii w przyswajaniu języka obcego. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Yeung, M. (2019), Exploring the strength of the process writing approach as a pedagogy for fostering learner autonomy in writing among young learners. “English Language Teaching,” No 12, pp. 42–54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v12n9p42
Zamel, V. (1982), Writing: The process of discovering meaning. “TESOL Quarterly,” No 16, pp. 195–209. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3586792
Lizenz
Copyright (c) 2025 Piotr Matczak, Hanna Błauciak, Hanna Stelmaszczyk

Dieses Werk steht unter der Lizenz Creative Commons Namensnennung - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International.
Autoren:
Die Autoren der zur Veröffentlichung in der Zeitschrift Neofilolog angenommenen Texte sind verpflichtet, den Vertrag über die Erteilung einer kostenlosen Lizenz für die Werke mit der Verpflichtung zur Erteilung einer Sublizenz CC auszufüllen, zu unterzeichnen und an die Adresse der Redaktion zurückzusenden.
Gemäß Vertrag erteilen die Autoren auf die in der Zeitschrift Neofilolog veröffentlichten Texte der Adam-Mickiewicz-Universität in Poznań eine nicht exklusive und kostenlose Lizenz und erlauben die Verwendung der Sublizenz Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0).
Die Autoren behalten das Recht zur weiteren freien Verfügung über das Werk.
Benutzer:
Interessierte Onlinebenutzer dürfen die seit 2017 veröffentlichten Werke unter folgenden Bedingungen nutzen:
- Anerkennung der Urheberschaft - die Verpflichtung, zusammen mit dem verbreiteten Werk Informationen über die Urheberschaft, den Titel, die Quelle (Links zum Originalwerk, DOI) und die Lizenz selbst bereitzustellen;
- ohne Schaffung abgeleiteter Werke - das Werk muss in seiner ursprünglichen Form erhalten bleiben, ohne Zustimmung des Autors dürfen keine Studien, beispielsweise Übersetzungen, verbreitet werden.
Die Urheberrechte aller veröffentlichen Texte sind vorbehalten.
Sonstige:
Die Adam-Mickiewicz-Universität in Poznań behält das Recht auf die Zeitschrift als Gesamtheit (Layout, Grafik, Titel, Umschlagsprojekt, Logo usw.).
