Abstract
This paper attempts to take a critical look at the narrative interview in order to identify the methodological pitfalls and challenges posed by this widely-applied research tool. It analyses the research process in a project involving sixty-four 3rd year students of applied linguistics at a large university in western Poland in the summer term of the academic year 2018/2019. The project included three stages: (1) interviewing a person from another country studying in Poland about their intercultural experiences; (2) transcribing the interviews and (3) presenting the results of their analysis in the form of a written report. On completion of their assignments, the students were asked to share their reflections on all stages of their research in an anonymous survey study. The questionnaire data was juxtaposed with analysis of the student transcripts and reports in order to identify and compare the student and the teacher perspectives on methodological aspects of narrative research. The outcomes of the survey study show that the students, as inexperienced or even first-time researchers, mostly focused on their language proficiency and technical aspects of the interview, while the teacher/researcher pointed primarily to flaws in the formulation of the interview questions and lack of subsequent probing questions, which resulted in superficial responses or even at times deprived the interview of a narrative character. The study also documented the evolution of students as researchers and its results might be applicable for teachers offering courses in academic writing or BA/MA seminars.
Literaturhinweise
Bakhtin M. (1986), The problem of speech genres, (in:) Emerson C., Holquist M. (eds.), Speech genres and other late essays. Austin: University of Texas Press, pp. 60–102.
Beszterda R. (2016), Pułapki wywiadu w badaniach biograficznych. Doświadczenia etnologiczne, (in:) Piorunek M. (ed.), Badania biograficzne i narracyjne w perspektywie interdyscyplinarnej. Aplikacje–egzemplifikacje–dylematy metodologiczne. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, pp. 85–97.
Boje D.M. (1991), The storytelling organization: A study of story performance in an office-supply firm. “Administrative Science Quarterly”, No 36(1), pp. 106–126.
Cameron L. (2003), Metaphor in educational discourse. London: Continuum.
Coates J. (1996), Women talk. Oxford: Blackwell.
Connelly F.M., Clandini D.J. (1990), Stories of experience and narrative inquiry. “Educational Researcher”, No 19(5), pp. 2–14.
Cresswell J.W. (1998), Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions. London: Sage.
Czarniawska B., Gagliardi P. (eds.) (2003), Narratives we organize by. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Daiute C., Lightfoot C. (eds.) (2004), Narrative analysis: Studying the development of individuals in society. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Dörnyei Z. (2007), Research methods in applied linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Elliot J. (2005), Using narrative in social research. Qualitative and quantitative approaches. London: Sage Publications.
Errante A. (2000), But sometimes you’re not part of the story: Oral histories and ways of remembering and telling. “Educational Researcher”, No 29(2), pp. 16–27.
Fetterman D. (1998), Ethnography: Step by step. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Gabriel Y. (2000), Storytelling in organizations: Facts, fictions, and fantasies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Gertsen M.C., Søderberg A.-M. (2010), Expatriate stories about cultural encounters: A narrative approach to cultural learning processes in multinational companies. “Scandinavian Journal of Management”, No 26, pp. 248–257.
Gertsen M.C., Søderberg A.-M. (2011), Intercultural collaboration stories: On narrative inquiry and analysis as tools for research in international business. “Journal of International Business Studies”, No 42(6), pp. 787–804.
Gudmundsdottir S. (2001), Narrative research on school practice, (in:) Richardson V. (ed.), Handbook of research on teaching. Washington: American Educational Research Association, pp. 226–240.
Heikkinen H.L.T. (2002), Whatever is narrative research? (in:) Huttunen R., Heikkinen H.L.T., Syrjälä L. (eds.), Narrative research: Voices of teachers and philosophers. Jyväskylä: SoPhi, pp. 13–28.
Holmes J., Marra M. (2005), Narrative and the construction of professional identity: The workplace, (in:) Thornborrow J., Coates J. (eds.), The sociolinguistics of narrative. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 191–213.
Karch F. (2017). Narrative interviewing, (in:) M. Allen (ed.), The SAGE encyclopedia of communication research methods. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc., pp. 1073–1075.
Lofland J. et al. (2006), Analyzing social settings: A guide to qualitative observation and analysis. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning.
Moen T. (2006), Reflections on the narrative research approach. “International Journal of Qualitative Methods”, No 5(4), pp. 56–69
Noddings N., (1991). Stories in dialogue: Interpersonal reasoning, (in:) Witherell C, Noddings N. (eds.). Stories lives tell: Narrative and dialogue in education. New York: Teachers College Press, pp. 157–170.
Patton M.Q. (2002), Qualitative research and evaluation methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Polkinghorne D.E. (1988), Narrative knowing and the human sciences. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Riessman C.K. (1993), Narrative analysis. Newbury Park, CA Sage.
Riessman C.K. (2008), Narrative methods for the human sciences. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Robson C. (2002), Real world research: A resource for social scientists and practitioner-researchers. Oxford: Blackwell.
Schiffrin D. (1996), Narrative as a self portrait. Sociolinguistic construction of identity. “Language in Society”, No 25(2), pp. 167–203.
Søderberg A.-M. (2006), Narrative interviewing and narrative analysis in a study of a cross-border merger. “Management International Review”, No 46(4), pp. 397–416.
Søderberg A.-M., Worm V. D. (2011), Communication and collaboration in subsidiaries in China: Chinese and expatriate accounts. “European Journal of Cross-Cultural Competence and Management”, No 2(1), pp. 54–76.
Swain M., Kinnear P., Steinman L. (2011), Sociocultural theory in second language education. Bristol-Buffalo-Toronto: Multilingual Matters.
Vygotsky L.S. (1978), Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Wąsikiewicz-Firlej E. (2014), Constructing the professional identity of EFL teachers through languaging: A narrative inquiry, (in:) Lankiewicz, H., Wąsikiewicz-Firlej, E. (eds.), Languaging experiences: Learning and teaching revisited. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, pp. 157–190.
Weick K.E., Sutcliffe K.M., Obstfeld D. (2005), Organizing and the process of sensemaking. Organization Science”, No 16(4), pp. 409–421.
Wilczewski M., Søderberg A-M. (2017), Badania nad komunikacją międzykulturową: Dotychczasowe paradygmaty i perspektywy badawcze. „Zeszyty Prasoznawcze”, No 3(231), pp. 540–566.
Zellermayer M. (1997), When we talk about collaborative curriculum-making, what are we talking about? “Curriculum Inquiry”, No 27(2), pp. 187–214.
Lizenz
Copyright (c) 2020 Neofilolog
Dieses Werk steht unter der Lizenz Creative Commons Namensnennung - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International.
Autoren:
Die Autoren der zur Veröffentlichung in der Zeitschrift Neofilolog angenommenen Texte sind verpflichtet, den Vertrag über die Erteilung einer kostenlosen Lizenz für die Werke mit der Verpflichtung zur Erteilung einer Sublizenz CC auszufüllen, zu unterzeichnen und an die Adresse der Redaktion zurückzusenden.
Gemäß Vertrag erteilen die Autoren auf die in der Zeitschrift Neofilolog veröffentlichten Texte der Adam-Mickiewicz-Universität in Poznań eine nicht exklusive und kostenlose Lizenz und erlauben die Verwendung der Sublizenz Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0).
Die Autoren behalten das Recht zur weiteren freien Verfügung über das Werk.
Benutzer:
Interessierte Onlinebenutzer dürfen die seit 2017 veröffentlichten Werke unter folgenden Bedingungen nutzen:
- Anerkennung der Urheberschaft - die Verpflichtung, zusammen mit dem verbreiteten Werk Informationen über die Urheberschaft, den Titel, die Quelle (Links zum Originalwerk, DOI) und die Lizenz selbst bereitzustellen;
- ohne Schaffung abgeleiteter Werke - das Werk muss in seiner ursprünglichen Form erhalten bleiben, ohne Zustimmung des Autors dürfen keine Studien, beispielsweise Übersetzungen, verbreitet werden.
Die Urheberrechte aller veröffentlichen Texte sind vorbehalten.
Sonstige:
Die Adam-Mickiewicz-Universität in Poznań behält das Recht auf die Zeitschrift als Gesamtheit (Layout, Grafik, Titel, Umschlagsprojekt, Logo usw.).